Bupleurum. | UMBELLIFER (Sond.) 541 
XII. BUPLEURUM, Linn. 
Margin of the calyx obsolete. Petals roundish, entire, involute at 
the apex, which is broad and retuse. /rwit laterally compressed or 
somewhat didymous, crowned with the depressed stylopodium. Meri- 
carps with 5 acute, winged, filiform, or obsolete ridges, the lateral 
marginal. urrows with or without vittz, smooth or granulate. Seed 
teretely convex, flattish in front. DC. J. c. 127. Nees ab Esenb. l. c. n. 
18. Endl. Gen. n. 4414. 
Herbaceous or shrubby glabrous plants. Leaves rarely divided, usually from the 
abortion of the limb and dilatation of the petiole changed into phyllodia, with quite 
entire margins. Umbels compound. Involucres various. Flowers yellow. Name 
from Bovs, an ox, and mAevpov, a side; so called from a supposed bad quality in 
swelling kine that feed on some species of the genus. 
ANALYSIS OF THE S. AFRICAN SPECIES. 
Herbaceous ; leaves linear-subulate, nerved ; fruit oblong ... (1) Mundtii. . 
*  Shrubby ; leaves filiform, rushlike; fruit obovoid ... ...... (2) difforme. 
1, B, Mundtii (Cham. & Schlecht.! in Linnea I. 384); perennial, gla- 
brous, much branched ; leaves linear-subulate, nerved ; radical ones taper- 
ing into the petioles; umbels 5—8-rayed ; involucelsof 5 narrowlanceolate 
leaves, which are equal in length to the umbellules; fruit oblong, 
‘smooth, #.¢Z./ 2201. Zeyh. 2676. B. Baldense, £. Mey. in Herb. 
Drege, non Host. Sium filifolium, 8. Thunb.! herb. B. faleatum, f. 
Africanus, Berg. Cap. 76. 
Has. Mountains near Fort Beaufort, Katriviersberge, Zuureberge, Uitvlugt, and 
on downs near Zwartkops, and Koegariver, and Port Natal. Jan-Feb. (Herb. 
Thunb. reg. Berol. Hk. D. Sd.) 
Stem 1-2 feet high, flexuous, striate. Leaves much aggregated at the base, 6-8 
inches long, 1-2 lines broad, or in other specimens subsetaceous ; cauline ones not 
attenuated at the base, gradually smaller. Flowers yellow. Inyolucre of 3, rarely 
5 unequal, lanceolate leaves. Rays 1-14 inch long. Umbellules 8—10-flowered, 
Fruit nearly 2 lines long, 1 line broad. Mericarps with very prominent, paler 
ridges. Furrows with several vitte. Stylopodium depressed ; styles recurved. 2B. 
Mundtii, as described by Cham. & Schlechtendal, is a depauperate state, with 2 or 3 
rays in the umbels. 
2. B. difforme (Linn. Spec. 343); shrubby, erect, branched ; leaves 
filiform, variable on the same branch, simple or ternate ; leaflets undivided 
or cut ; umbels 8—20-rayed ; leaves of involucre linear, acute, much 
shorter than the peduncles; fruit obovoid, tubercled, rugulose. Thunb. 
Fl. Cap. 248. Burm. Afr. t.71,f.t. H.& Z./ 2202, Tenoria diformis, 
Sprengl. Oenanthe exaltata, Thunb.! 1. ¢. 254. Zeyh. 2475. 
Has. Mountains in the districts of Cape, Swellendam, Worcester, Uitenhage, 
and Caffraria. Feb. (Herb. Thunb. Hk. D. Sd. 
A rigid, glabrous shrub, 2 feet and more high. Branches forming a large, leafless 
icle. Leaves aggregated, often 4-1 foot long ; young ones on the lower part of 
the stem composed of many small, flat leaflets, finely cut, of a sea-green colour ; 
these leaves soon fall off, and the upper part of the branches are closely covered with 
long, rush-like, angled leaves, coming out in clusters from each joint. Rays of 
umbel uncial or longer. Involucre and involucel about 5-leaved. Calyx with acute 
teeth. Fruit when ripe 2-24 lines long, 14 line broad, subcompressed. Mericarps 
with blunt ridges ; furrows and commissure bivittate. 
