564 UMBELLIFER (Sond.) | Arctopus. 
Jul XXXII. TORILIS, Spreng. 
— Calyx-teeth 5, triangular-lanceolate, acute, persistent. Petals obovate, 
emarginate, with an inflexed point, the outer larger, bifid. Fruit con- 
tracted from the sides. Mericarps with 5 primary setulose ridges, 3 
dorsal and 2 lateral (placed on the commissure); the secondary ridges 
represented by rows of bristles (hook-pointed) filling the whole furrow. 
Vitte solitary under the secondary bristles. Carpophore setaceous, bifid. 
Seed with its margins inflexed. DO.l.c.219. Koch, Umb. 80, t. 1 5» Endl, 
Gen. n. 4503. 
Annual herbs, with multifid leaves, beset with short appressed hairs, which are 
retrorse on the stems, and erect on the rays of the umbels. Umbels opposite the 
leaves, Involucra wanting, or of 1-5 leaves. Involucels of 5-8 lanceolate, ciliated 
leaves. Fl. white, those in the disk of the umbellules male. Name unexplained 
1, T. Africana (Spreng. in Schult. Syst. 6, 486); umbels on long 
peduncles, 2-4-fid; involucra wanting ; umbellules 3-6-flowered, 
ae Sere with 4~5-leaved involucel. H#. § Z./ 2254. Caucalis Africana, Thunb. ! 
ool; Fl. Cap. 256. C. Capensis, Lam. Herb. Un. Itin. n. 80 5. Zeyh. 2696. 
03 Has. In cultivated ground, common. Oct.-Dec. (Herb. Sd. etc.) 
: Plant 1-14 foot, erect, leafy. Leaves pinnately decompound ; lobes short, lan- 
ceolate, dentate. Fruit ovate, 2-2} lines long ; its prickles shorter than the breadth 
of the fruit. 
1, XXXIIL. ARCTOPUS, Linn. 
Flowers polygamo-dioecious. Margin of calyx 5-toothed. Petals 
lanceolate, with an incurved, acute, entire acumen. Male flower: stamens 
twice as long as the corolla, perfect. Stylopodium flat. Styles 2, very 
short, deciduous. Ovary abortive. Female; stamens none. Styles 
divaricating, with thick bases. Fruit ovate, acute or rostrate, crowned 
with the calyx, its lower half adnate with the involucre, marked with 
# furrow, not separable into two parts, but bilocular, with one of the 
cells abortive. Seed 1, roundish, convex at one side, furrowed on the 
other. Lam. Jl. t. 865. DC. l.c.236, Endl. Gen. n. 4524. 
Perennial, stemless plants, with stellate, ciliate leaves, close pressed to the ground. 
Male umbels compound, pedunculate, sterile, but mixed with a few female flowers. 
_Umbellules nearly globose. Involucrum usually of 5~7 leaves, which are joined 
together after flowering. Female umbels sessile, fertile, surrounded by the 4, rarely 
5, concrete leaves of the involucrum, which are coriaceous, reticulated, and spiny 
arog girding the fruit. Petals white. Name from apxros, a bear, and mous, 
ANALYSIS OF THE SPECIES, 
Female involucre ovate, cuspidate, carinate, laterally 3-spinous (1) echinatus. ~ 
Female involucre orbicular, flat, quite entire, with 1 vps at . = 
the apex... sie SR MPR ose Ni one. - Se “ba, asks.) EO) S| 
Female involucre orbicular, with involute, quite entire margins, 4 
and 3-5 bristle-like spines at the apex Wess ort hanes 3S sim eewid9) ee 
1. A. echinatus (Linn. Spec. ed, 2, y. 2 1512); petiole flat ; 
: , > Vv: 2, petiole flat; leaves 
soem eo Mt toothed, ciliate-spinous ; female involucre 
_ Gna’, carmmate on back, spinous-cuspidate on each side, with 3 large spines ; 
a ee oe Petar, densely beset with erect, spiny bristles, 2 ae / 
aD 255. 4 appe, ft. Cap. med. 19. BH. § Z.1 225°. Burm. Afr, 1.t. . 
Steb. Herb. Fl. Cap.n. 141. Herb, Un. Tin n. Sig ss eat 
