192 VERBENACEE (Pearson). [ Lantana, 
Vey. ed. 14, 566; Walp. Rep. iv. 61; Schauer in DC. Prod, xi. 
598 ; Olarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 562; Baker in Dyer, Fl. 
Trop. Afr. v. 275. L. aculeata, Linn. Sp. Pl. 627, and Mant. 419 ; 
Lam. Encycl. i. 566, and Iil. t. 540, fig. 2; Murr. Syst. Veg. ed. 14, 
566; Gertn. Fruct. i. 267, t. 56, fig. 4; Walp. 1.¢.59; Bot. 
Mag. t. 96. L. scabrida, Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, ii, 352; Walp. 
6, 60, 
Coast Ree@ion; Cape Diy. ; on the Devils Mountain near Rondebosch, Wilms, 
3530! 
Eastern Reaion: Natal; near Durban, Wilms, 2205! and without precise 
locality, Cooper, 3018! 
A Tropical American species, widely introduced in the Old World. 
VII. LIPPIA,. Linn. 
Calyx sraall, membranous, ovoid-campanulate or compressed, 
9-4-lobed, 4-toothed, more or less truncate, 2-keeled, slightly 
accrescent, ultimately 2-valved enclosing (sometimes adhering to) 
the fruit. Corolla with cylindric, straight or curved tube, somewhat 
widened at the throat, rarely shorter than the bract ; limb spreading, 
oblique, more or less 2-lipped, 4-lobed; lobes broad, frequently 
emarginate, the anterior (lower) being somewhat larger than the 
posterior (upper) and the 2 lateral equal and smaller than the 
posterior. Stamens 4, didynamous, inserted near the middle of the 
corolla-tube, included or somewhat exserted; anthers ovate, with 
parallel cells. Ovary of 1 carpel, 2-eelled; cells 1-ovuled ; ovule 
erect, inserted at or near the base of the cell ; style usually short ; 
stigma terminal, oblique or recurved, thickened, Fruit small, with 
a hard dry epicarp, enclosed in the slightly accrescent, closely 
adpressed calyx; endocarp hard and bony, easily separated (or falling 
asunder spontaneously) into 2 1-seeded portions (pyrenes). Seeds 
exalbuminous. 
Shrubs or undershrubs, rarely herbs, with variously hairy, rarely glabrous 
epidermis; leaves opposite or in whorls of 3 (occasionally 4), rarely alternate ; 
spike slender, elongate and lax, cylindric and dense, or short, and subglobose, 
becoming more or less cylindric as the fruit matures; flowers small, sessile, 
solitary in the axils of broadly imbricate (in the denser spikes) or small 
bracts. 
About 110 species, chiefly in Tropical America; 10 in Tropical Africa. 
The Sonth African species belong to the subgenus Zapania, Benth., Section 4. 
Euzapania, Briq. § a, Awillifore, Briq., of which the characters are :— 
Spikes short, contracted, usually capituliform becoming more or less elongated 
during and after flowering, pedunculate, axillary. Bracts broad, persistent, 
imbricate, concave or flat, concealing the calyx. Calyx short, tubular, sometimes 
compressed, not winged. 
Prostrate herbs, rooting at the nodes : 
Bracts rounded or shortly apiculate ; adult leaves 
more thanlin. long... vas 7 ..» (1) nodiflora, 
Bracts caudate-acuminate; adult leaves less than 
1 in. long ... ‘sk oe ca “et .-» (2) reptans. 
