A TRYPANOSOME ASSOCIATED WITH A FATAL 
DISEASE IN THE CARABAO. 
By FRANK G. HAuUGHWOUT 
Protozoélogist, Bureau of Science, and Professor of Protozoélogy, 
University of the Philippines 
and 
STANTON YOUNGBERG 
Chief Veterinarian, Bureau of Agriculture 
THREE PLATES AND TWO TEXT FIGURES 
The following observations were made on some blood films 
taken from a male carabao (No. 1893) at the rinderpest immun- 
izing station at San Fernando, Pampanga Province, P. I., in 
July, 1916. We have delayed the publication of this report in 
the hope that we should come across other animals infected with 
the same trypanosome, but up to the time of writing this paper 
no other cases have come to our notice. 
The carabao was inoculated simultaneously on May 28, with 
virulent rinderpest blood and anti-rinderpest serum. The animal 
showed no reaction from the inoculation, so another injection of 
virulent blood was made ten days later. It became evident that 
the blood employed in the original simultaneous inoculation was 
not virulent, for a very strong reaction followed the second 
injection. 
In due time the animal recovered from the reaction and seemed 
perfectly normal until the eighth day when its temperature 
began to rise and its appetite to decline, and a bloody diarrhcea 
developed. Later symptoms were hematuria, hemorrhages 
from the skin, and difficult breathing. The discharge from the 
nostrils became bloody, and gaseous swellings developed on the 
back and neck. These swellings, when incised, yielded a fluid 
that was very offensive in odor. The condition of the animal 
finally became so bad that it was seen that recovery was out 
of the question. Accordingly it was destroyed on July 3. As 
reported to us, the autopsy findings showed the entire carcass to 
be yellow in color. There was severe hemorrhage of the heart, 
and the liver was extremely friable. This chain of clinical 
symptoms is unlike anything we have heretofore noted in the 
carabao. 
17 
