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Peyote (Anhalonium fissuratum Eng.) of the rocky highlands of 
Western Texas and Northern Mexico, a plant which, when chewed, 
is said to produce a sort of delirious intoxication and on that ac- 
count sometimes called « Dry Whisky.” Another species (A. 
Lewini) of the Lower Rio Grande and Mexico possesses the same 
remarkable properties. Both are well worthy of investigation. 
The seeds or “nuts” of many species of Pine are large and 
albuminous, forming, in several parts of the country, not only an 
important but almost an indispensable source of subsistence to the 
Indians. They are oily and often have a strong terebinthine or 
bitter taste when raw, but after being roasted they are not only 
nutritious but also pleasantly flavored. 
Our best known Nut Pines are the Single-leaved Pine (Pinus 
monophylla Torr.), so precious to the Indians of the Great Basin, 
and the Two-leaved Pine or Pifion (P. edulis Eng.), perhaps only a 
variety of the preceding, ranging from Colorado to Texas and 
Arizona. The wingless secds are elliptical or globose in outline . 
and half an inch in length. Speaking of their value to the In- 
dians Dr. Newberry says: ‘‘ They are treasured as their choicest 
delicacies, and a handful of pine-nuts is to an Indian child as much 
of a treat as are sugar-plums to our boys and girls. Some of 
the Pifton groves on the flanks of the Sierra de la Plata, in South- 
western Colorado, have evidently been visited periodically by the 
Pueblo Indians for ages, for fragments of their peculiar ornamented 
pottery cover the ground.” 
The Mexican Nut Pine (P. cembroides Zucc.), with leaves mostly 
in threes but with the same seeds, extends north into Arizona and 
Lower California. Also belonging to this group is P. Parryana 
Eng., of Southérn California and Lower California, with leaves 
mostly in fours. 
The Sugar Pine (P. Lambertiana Dougl.) of the Pacific slope, 
the most gigantic species of the genus, with cone sometimes a foot 
and a half long, has edible seeds a half-inch long.. The Gray-leaf or 
Digger Pine of California (P. Sabiniana Dougl.) has a shorter, 
thick, massive cone with black seeds, the largest in the genus, 
_ Nearly an inch long; these are collected in immense quantities by 
the Digger Indians for winter use, being not only a nutritious 
food but very digestible and specially suitable for delicate 
