357 
S. gregaria is perhaps the most common Sanicula near New 
York City, and is described from specimens collected in Van 
Cortlandt Park. In the Herbarium of the Torrey Club is a speci- 
men labeled « New Durham, N. J., June 6, 1862, W. H. L. 
[eggett].”” The specimens contained in the Columbia College 
Herbarium are as follows: « Virginia, Asa Gray, 1840,” also 
bearing the stamp of the Meisner Herbarium; “Southwestern 
Virginia, slopes of White Top Mountain, 2600-5000 feet, col- 
lected May 28, 1892, by N. L. and E. G. Britton and A. M. Vail;” 
“Southeastern Virginia, Greenville County, June 19, 1893, A. A. 
Heller;” « Fort Riley, Kansas, May 27, 1892, E. E. Gayle;” 
“Arkansas, Dr. Pitcher ;” « Northeastern Nebraska, June 15, 1893, 
Fred Clements.” 
SANICULA CANADENSIS L. 
~ Usually lower and more slender than S. Marylandica, but some- 
times even stouter and taller, one to over four feet high. Stem 
always single, widely branched above, and readily putting forth 
alternate axillary branches which, sometimes beginning at the 
base of the stem, may number six or more up to the terminal 
fork ; branches ascending, naked below, their upper divisions often 
widely spreading, even horizontal, the whole forming an open 
panicle which may spread to a breadth of two feet. General plan 
of branching dichotomously or paniculately-umbellate, often ap- 
pearing widely dichotomous throughout from the constant 
Suppression of a third branch in each ascending series ; the um- 
bellate character of the branching is thus much less obvious than 
in our other species, realizing itself definitely only in the distal 
ramifications or in the terminal umbels; above the involucres the 
branching varies from definitely dichotomous and two or three 
times compound, to indefinitely decompound, with somewhat 
fasciculate umbellets; the fruit-bearing rays are only I ie 2 ' 
long, much shorter than in any other one of the eastern species. 
Basal leaves from two or three to six or more, erect on long 
petioles, all strictly cauline ; free stem leaves commonly four to 
eight on petioles of gradually decreasing length above, but not 
becoming obsolete even in the involucral leaves, or indeed, in the 
Secondary involucres; leaves three-divided appearing pentafid 
from division ofthe lateral leaflets, or the upper stem leaves, more 
rarely the lower, sometimes simply trifoliate ; leaflets dull green, 
cuneate-obovate, oblong or elliptic, often oblique, with less pro- 
nounced tendency to narrowly obverse development than is shown 
by Marylandica, and never, apparently, assuming the oblanceolate 
forms so frequent in that species; also, as a rule, less coarsely ser- 
