361 
In this connection it is interesting to note that when, in 1824, 
Dr. Torrey reduced S. Canadensis to a variety of S. Marylandica 
he evidently based his conclusion upon the examination of a spec- 
imen of the very plant here described as S. *#ifoliata. This is 
made pretty clear by his description of his var. Canadensis, which 
was drawn up, by the way, from a Specimen collected at Litch- 
field, Connecticut. As already remarked, Dr. Torrey afterwards 
revised his opinions in regard to Canadensis and a plate of the 
species occurs in his flora of the State of New York. 
Descriptive Key to the eastern Species of Sanicula. 
Styles long, recurved ; branching definitely uméellate throughout; sterile flowers 
often in sepirate heads; perennial. 
a. Fruit large, 3’’ or more high to tip of sepals, ovoid, sessile, spreading ; pericarp 
corky-thickened ; bristles stout, bulbous at base, becoming 2/’ long, but not exceeding 
calyx-tubes ; sterile calyx 1// long, deeply parted; sepals lanceolate, cuspidate-acute ; 
general umbel twice compound, ¥% to ¥ the length of entire plant; stem-leaves two or 
three; larger leaves 7-divided; involucral leaves cleft; petals and anthers greenish-white, 
the petals oblanceolate, equalling the sepals; commissural scar elliptic; seed furrowed 
dorsally ; oil tubes large. Marylandica. 
6, Fruit very small, under 11%4’/ somewhat obovoid, short-pedicelled, reflexed ; 
pericarp membranaceous; bristles weak, not bulbous xt base, 14// to 1// long, but exceed- 
ing calyx-lobes, sterile calyx 34’! or less, cleft only half way down, sepals ovate, obtuse; 
general umbel three times compound, & to % the length of plant; stem naked or with 
a single leaf; larger leaves 5-divided ; involucre of distinct leaflets; anthers deep yel- 
low; petals yellowish-green, obovate, twice the length of sepals; commissural scar 
linear ; seed not furrowed, oil tubes very small. gregaria. 
Styles short, included; branching mostly alternate and dichotomous, sterile flowers 
not in separate heads; biennial at least as toc. 
_ ¢ Fruit small, under 2//, subglobose, short-pedicelled, scarcely reflexed ; bristles 
weak, under 1// long, dilated below; sepals on mature fruit inconspicuous among the 
longer erect bristles; pedicels of sterile flowers 1/’ or less; calyx deeply parted ; 
larger leaves mostly 5-divided; branching more or less decompound; commissural 
Scar narrow; oil tubes five, large; seed furrowed on dorsal surface ; seed-face convex. 
Canadensis. 
@, Fruit large, becoming 3 14’, ellipsoid, sessile, reflexed ; bristles stout, becoming 
1¥4/’ long; sepals on mature fruit forming a conspicuous beak-like projection free from 
the somewhat spreading bristles; pedicels of sterile flowers 2/’; leaves large, conspicu- 
ously trifoliate ; branching once or twice compound ; commissural scar broad ; oil tubes 
of two kinds, a pair of large ones and numerous small ones; dorsal surface of seed 
not furrowed; seed face concave. trifoliata, 
Plate 245 is a conventional representation illustrating the plan of branching and 
foliar arrangement of each of the four eastern species of the genus. 
