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secret. The distortions of phyllotaxy misled the early students 
on the subject, so as to nearly banish the term and the theme 
from botanical science. Old books spoke vaguely of some plants 
being homodromous and others heterodromous, without attempting 
to find any law to explain these apparent irregularities. We now 
See its significancy and find its anomalies all reduced to order, and 
we must welcome it back to its rightful place. So far as I have 
been able to find, all plants are homodromic within the indi- 
vidual, and heterodromic as between different individuals of the 
Same species. Apparent exceptions to these rules are no more 
than apparent, and if anybody will set himself to look up the evi- 
dence, it will soon be so overwhelming, and nothing against it, as 
to render his work monotonous. Go into the nearest orchard 
and you will find two kinds of every species of fruit tree, two 
kinds of every shrub, two kinds of common flowers, having the pri- 
Mary spirals of the leaf-insertions dextral in one set and sinistral 
in the other set. In case of plants with opposite leaves this evi- 
dence will fail you, for you can make out two crossing primary 
spirals in the same branch; in other cases you are baffled by the 
leaves assuming new positions for the sake of the light, though 
Sometimes even in these plants you may find the primitive traits 
in branches not exposed to the sunlight. 
With a few weeks’ observation I have found double phyllotaxy, 
4S a mark of antidromy in the following plants representing the 
More important orders of Phaenogams: De/phinium (Ranuncula- 
Ceae), Liriodendron (Magnoliaceae), Bocconia (Papaveraceae), mus- 
tard (Cruciferae), Aéutilon and Hibiscus (Malvaceae), Pelargonium 
and Jimpatiens (Geraniaceae), bean and pea (Leguminosae), apple, 
Pear, peach (Rosaceae), Ocnothera (Onagraceae), carrot (Umbelli- 
ferae), sunflower and other Compositae, Lodelia (Lobelieae), Myosotis 
(Borraginaceae), Verbascum (Scrophulariaceae), tobacco (Solana- 
ceae), Polygonum (Polygonaceae), Ricinus (Euphorbiaceae), Salix 
(Saliaceae), Quercus (Cupuliferae),and among monocotyledons, lily 
(Liliaceae), Musa, Ladies’ Tresses (Orchidaceae), species of Aroi- 
deae, Iridaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Gramineae. To the above 
we have to add from the perianth and arrangement of stamens 
Ny mphaeaceae ; and by the courtesy of Mr. Everett H. Barney, 
of Springfield, Mass., I was furnished from the Forest Park Ponds 
