160 WiEGAND : A Revision of the Genus Listera 



the locality must have been the one found byTorncr ^^ c terra nova 

 Adl Scpty The leaves are, however, rarely **cordate-subrotund, 

 acute," but the description of the labclhim is sufficiently accurate. 

 This species is more widely distributed through North America 

 than others of this group, and is the type of the Z. coiivallarioides of 

 most American botanists. As has been shown by Morong* 

 and Ilolzingerl, NuttalTs name so often cited for tliis species is 

 merely a ^lovicu nudioii^ no descrii)tion being given ; and since the 

 first characterization under Listera was by Torrey, it follows that the 

 latter should be cited as the author of the name. As will be seen 

 from the synonomy given later in this paper Z. convallarioides has 

 been by many authors confused witfi L, cordata and L. australis. 

 Next to Z. cordata this species has the widest distribution. 



The carl}* botanists of the Northwest, however, found another 

 form, namely, the Z, caurina of Piper, which, by them, was taken 

 to be the typical Z. convallarioides. This species is well described 

 and finely figured by Hooker in the Flora Bor. Am. where the 



4 



illustration of the lip is especially characteristic. Meanwhile the 

 true Z. convallarioides had been obtained by Chamisso andSchlcch- 

 tendal from Alaska, and named by them Z. RscJischoltdana. That 

 this w^as the case may be inferred from the description wdiich says^ 

 leaves orbicular-o\%ate, ovaries pubescent, column long, lip obcor- 

 date, and there is no mention of lateral teeth ; besides this there is 

 no other species of this section found in Alaska. Lindley also 

 seems not to have understood the Alaskan species, so that on re- 

 ceiving a specimen of the true Z, convallarioides from Menzies col- 

 lected on Banks Island he named it Z. Banksiana, The oriirinal 

 description clearly shows that only this plant could have been In 

 mind. 



The next American species was not described until 1893 when 



Miss 



re 



named by him Z. borealis. The range of this species has now 

 been extended farther south. 



In July, 1897, Small described Z. reniforuns from the southern 

 Allcghanies. This very distinct species had hitherto been entirely 

 overlooked, but unfortunately the name had already been used by 



« ^ 1 ^^m-m ^ ^ 



~ " "" "" ' ' ■ ^ r-^ ^^^^^^ ■ I II ^-^^^^»i^— -- -^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 



:): Mem. Torr. Bot. CI., 5: 124. 1894. 



* Conlril>. U. S. Nat. Ilerl). 3: 252. 1895. 



