416 WlEGAM) : SoMK Si'ECrES OF BiDENS 



First reported in 1S79 by Warnstorf from a locality in Germany 

 (as B. tripartita fallax), it was later found in other localities by tlie 

 same person, and is now known to be widely spread over Central 

 Europe. Alon^; with it was found another Bidcns identified as />. 

 frondosa, then a novelty for Germany, but having many years pre- 



I 



vlously been introduced into Italy. From the description given it 

 is not quite clear whether this is our />. frondosa or B. nidaiiocarpa, 



but probably the latter. 



Bidcns conuafa is closel)' related to B. tripartita of Europe and 

 more remotely with B, lacvis. In North America it is one of the 



^ I 



most distinct of all species of Bidcns. From B. tripartita it may 

 be distinguished by its 4-awncd and angled, tuberculate achenia, 

 and orange flowers ; from />. lacvis by the tuberculate achenia, ab- 

 sei>:e of rays and more j^etioled leaves ; and from" 7?. niclanocarpa 

 by the 4-awned achenia and usually simple leaves. The flow- 

 ering period of this species is from September i to October i. 



8. BiDENS CERNUA L. Sp. PI. 832, I753 



Also Willd. Sp. PI.; Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept.; T^igelow, Fl. Bost.; 

 Fl. Dan.//. 8^i \ DC. Prod.; Torn Fl. n! U. S.; T. & G. Fl. N. 

 A,; Gray, Synop. Fl. N. A.; Macoun, Cat. Can. PI. 



B. ccrnua minima V^IWA. Sp. PL 3: 17 17. 1804. 



B. minima Huds. P^l. Ang. 310. 1762 ; L. Sp. PI. 1165, ed. 



2 : Fl. Dan. //. 



0-7 



erect, glabrous, stramineous or reddish, sometimes sparsely hispid ; 

 branches short, rarely exceeding the subtending leaves, decreasing 

 in length down the stem : leaves long and narrow, undivided, 

 lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, sessile and more or less connate by 

 a broad base, only slightly contracted below the middle, acuminate, 

 serrate with coarse acute spreading distant teeth (or in coast plants, 

 with smaller teeth) (^6-16 cm. long): heads very large especially in 



5 



high, before anthesis 



erect, becoming strongly cernuous in fruit, on short rather stout 

 peduncles (2-4 cm.), often appearing clustered ; outer involucre 

 about 1^-3 times the length of the disk, bracts J-Z^ obtusish, un- 

 equal, entire, linear or hncar-lanceolate, spreading or reflexed ; 

 inner bracts about 8, ovate-oblong or oval, acutish, oliv^c-yellow ; 

 chaff rarely if ever colored : ray flowers usually present, ligule 

 pale or bright }'cllow, about ^ longer than the disk, narrowly 



