341 
the ears and grains found enclosed with the mummy burials in 
Arizona, New Mexico and Southern Utah. Charnay reports 
representation of ears of maize on some ancient statuary in 
‘Mexico. Brocklehurst figures the vase of Centeot! with its ear of 
corn, and hieroglyphics on the monuments at Palenque indicate 
that maize was an important food in Yucatan. The Smithsonian 
Institute has an ear of corn found in an earthen vessel eleven feet 
under ground in a mummy grave near Arequipe in Peru. 
Tschudi describes two kinds taken from tombs apparently prior 
to the dynasty of the Incas. Squier found not only the grain, but 
an €ar carved out of a variegated talc within a mummy covering 
at Pachacamac, where also spikes of maize were observed by 
Pickering. A harvest vase of maize from the ruins of Chemu, 
near the present Truxillo, shows the heads of children peeping 
Out among the corn cobs, as Markham writes. In 1835 Darwin 
found on the coast of Peru heads of maize together with eighteen 
Species of recent sea-shells embedded in a beach which had been 
upraised at least eighty-five feet above the level of the sea, and 
these relics he pronounced identical with those taken from old 
Peruvian tombs. At Tarapaca, in 1874, beneath the volcanic 
formation called Chuco, were found cobs of maize buried with a 
mummy. 
In what locality did the cultivation of maize originate. Our 
data is as yet too imperfect for reply, as we have little record of 
the varieties that are at present grown either in Peru or Mexico, 
between which places our choice seemingly is to be made. The 
evidence of the more ancient presence of maize in Peru in the 
finding of Specimens in geological deposits is superior to that 
tabulated for Mexico. The finding of a wild corn (probably an 
“Scape) in Mexico, is a little more certain than the Indian testi- 
Mony of wild corn in Paraguay. The superior development of 
Varieties, as the Cuzco of Peru, and the Cuzco and horse-tooth soft 
forms of Chili, is strong evidence in favor of a South American 
rigin. The rice pop found in Peruvian sepulture, and as growing 
P araguay, is also in evidence : but the rice pop form is present 
'N Zea canina of Mexico. | | 
The antiquity of the culture must be great as measured by 
Years, for Darwin's variety from a geologica! deposit was pro- 
