288 
era as occurring in the vicinity of Chicago. The diagnoses are 
given in fairly good English. We are also pleased to note that no 
“new species” were “discovered.” There is appended a fairly 
complete list of the publications on lichenology issued in North 
America previous to April 15, 1896 
The paper is prefaced by a discussion of the habits and distri- 
bution of the lichens of the territory. In the discussion of “ What 
are Lichens ?” the author very clearly shows that he is somewhat 
behind the times. He mentions the Schwendener theory and 
wonders whether the theory will ever be accepted. It has been 
fully accepted, and is now fast giving way to a better one 
(Reinke’s). 
There is also an introduction to the development and progress 
of Lichenology, which is, however, too brief to be of any practical 
value to the student of this special group. The same may be said 
of his mention of “ the economic uses of lichens.”’ 
Proceedings of the Club. 
Turspay Eveninc, May 121TH, 1896. 
Mr. L. G. Fay in the chair and 12 persons present. 
The Curator reported that Mr. Edward Berry has presented the 
Club with fifty fine specimens of plants from the country about » 
Passaic, N. J.,and other counties of the same State. 
Mr. A. A. Tyler read his paper on “ A Historical Review of 
the Study of Stipules.” The author presented in a concise Way 
the older opinions in regard to the morphology and modification 
of stipules. The paper was discussed by Dr. Britton and others. — 
- Subsequently Mr. Tyler made some further remarks on the origin 
and development of stipules. 
The paper entitled “ Appendages to the petioles of Lirioden- 
dra’ by Mr. Arthur Hollick was read by title. 
WepneEspDAy Evenine, May 27Tu, 1896. 
Dr. A. Schneider in the chair and 15 persons present. 
Mr. John J. Schoonoven was elected an active member. 
