389 
On rotten wood and on the ground; widely distributed from ’ 
Newfoundland to British Columbia and southward along the 
Appalachian area; also reported from California (Howe); the 
species is also European. It was distributed by Sullivant: Muse. 
Alleg. 240 (as _/ungermannia bicuspidata); by Austin: Hep. Bor. 
Am. 58,59, the latter as var. conferta, a form with crowded leaves ; 
and in Hep. Amer. 71. Theform known as C. Lammersiana found 
in the British Possessions can hardly be maintained as distinct. 
The species has been frequently figured, the best figures being 
Hooker, Brit. Jung, pl. rz, and Suppl. p/. zg; Ekart, Syn. Jung. 
Germ. #/. 4, f. 23; and Smith, Engl. Bot. p/. 2239. 
7. CEPHALOZIA EXTENSA (Tayl.) Spruce, On Cephalozia, 44. 1882. 
Jungermannia extensa Tayl. Lond. Jour. Bot. 5: 279. 1846. 
Gametophyte a prostrate pale or rufous, sparingly branched 
leafy stem; leaves spreading, complicate-concave, those of the 
basal portion contiguous, those of the apical portion crowded, 
bifid more than one-half their length, with triangular-lanceolate 
acuminate and often .apiculate divisions; leaf-cells about 35 » in 
diameter : dioicous ; perianth on a more or less elongated branch, 
linear-fusiform or sublanceolate, three times the length of the in- 
Volucral leaves, which are in three or four ranks, deeply cleft and 
slightly longer than the ordinary stem-leaves. Sporophyte a long- 
Stalked oval capsule, 0.7 mm. long; spores about 9 » in diameter. 
This plant was originally described from material collected by 
Dr. Scouler at Observatory Inlet, N. W. America and appears 
from present data to extend from Washington and British Co- 
lumbia to northern California. It was distributed in Can. Hep. 22. 
8. CEPHALOZIA PLENICEPS (Aust.) Lindb. Medd. Soc. Faun. et Fl. 
Fenn. 9: 158. 1883. 
Jungermannia pleniceps Aust. Proc. Phila. Acad. for 1869 : 222. 
1869. 
Cephalozia crassifiora Spruce, On Cephalozia, 40. 1882. 
Gametophyte a short slender prostrate leafy stem; leaves thick, 
obliquely orbicular, concave, not decurrent, cleft one-fourth to 
One-third their length, with acute or somewhat obtuse sinus 
and acute lobes; leaf-cells rather large, 36-40 p in diameter : 
MoOnoicous; perianth terminal on a short branch, 2.6 mm. high, 
obovate-cylindric, fleshy, three cells thick at base, reduced to two 
cells above the middle; involucral leaves in about three ranks, ap- 
