404 
On Pinus echinata. Alabama (Earle & Underwood). These 
are also of the globose type. 
On Pinus taeda. Alabama (Underwood & Earle); Mississippi 
(Tracy). These are of the fusiform type described below. 
On Pinus sp. Webster County, Mississippi (W. B. Stark). 
Also of the fusiform type, though represented only by fragments. 
‘In microscopic characters this species is related to the European 
Peridermium pini (P.) Wallr., but sufficiently distinct. The spores 
are of medium size, 20-30 y long, irregularly oval, ovate or pytl- 
form; the peridial cells are long and narrow, with pointed ends, 
arranged imbricately and never end to end; they are about ”~ 
60 yz by 15-20 » and do not readily separate from one another in 
dilute potash. 
Exsicc. Ellis, N. A. Fungi. 1022. 
We have observed the development of the globose type on 
Pinus echinata in central Alabama, where it is very common and 
causes considerable damage among the pines. It frequently a if 
pears as globose swellings less than two centimeters in diameter, 
on small twigs, and often during its early stages of growth no 
spores are developed. The mycelium is perennial and later pro- 
duces conspicuous yellow peridia, which are often arranged so as 
to form convolutions giving a resemblance to the surface of the 
brain. Within these, spores are produced in prodigious quantl- 
ties. Unless the branch is killed, the parasite continues to groW 
for a succession of seasons, producing more spores each season. 
Usually the gall entirely surrounds the branch, but in some cases 
the branch escapes with only one side affected. Occasionally the | 
main trunk will be first affected and, continuing to grow with its 
gall, will form a large ball a foot or more in diameter. Since bx 
plant is perennial the necessity of an alternate host is not im- 
mediate, and it will be a matter of future investigation as 0 
what becomes of the spores. Some source of infection must 7 
be at hand, since the parasite is very abundant in the South, some 
considerable areas in eastern Alabama showing nearly every tee — 
of the species more or less affected. . es 
On Pinus taeda the form of the gall is entirely different. In- _ 
: stead of a globose'type, which occurs on the other hosts, we have 
__ an elongate fusiform enlargement of the branch almost uniform — 
