- 
504 
The following measurements and determinations of the age of 
trees in the muskeag and in its border-line were secured for me by 
Director Pendergast. 
TREE | DISTANCE IN RODS IN DIAMETER, | HEIGHT, AGE, 
* | FROM BORDER-LINE. INCHES. FEET. YEARS. 
Spruce | oO 5.5 | 28 49 
Spruce 3 1.25 | 5 Is 
Spruce 6 4 17 3 
Spruce 6 4 | 8 at 
Spruce 6 - 8 ai 
Tamarack | oO 7 30 55 
Tamarack | 2 2.5 oa 45 
Tamarack | 10 1.25 6 18 
| eb Soe 
| 
| 
| 
| 
1 
| 
Mr. H. B. Ayres, who has studied the habit of spruces grow- 
ing in muskeag,* but publishes no comparative measurements, 
assures Director Pendergast that in cold bogs he has found black 
spruce little more than an inch in diameter and seventy-five 
years of age. A consideration of the table above will indicate, 
however, that the older trees are in general banked near the edge 
of the moor, while the trees that have pushed. out into the moor, 
though much older than they appear, are actually younger than 
the individuals of the border-line. 
The muskeag shown in Plates 280 and 281 is upon the Ex- 
periment Station grounds at Grand Rapids. The view shown in 
Plate 280 was obtained with the camera placed nearly under the 
trees of the opposite side and looking towards the northwest. 
Plate 281, taken from the same position, looks slightly southwest 
and the two together give a very intelligent idea of the actual size 
and shape of the moor. In Plate 280, especially, the sharp de- 
marcation between the zone of spruces facing the moor, and the 
zone of tamarack just behind is well brought out. Eriophorum, 
which did not appear in Plate 279 (the white flowers here being 
probably Limodorum), is abundant in the other two views and with 
Carex, Ledum and Vaccinium forms the principal secondary ves 
gation, the sphagnum being regarded as the primary groUP: — 
Plate 281 shows tamarack facing the moor to the left, and spruces» : 
with tamarack behind, to the right. 
oe ® Ayres, H.B. The Muskeag Spruce, Gard. and For. 7: 504. 1 
