226 MurrRILL: POLYPORACEAE OF NortTH AMERICA 
4. Pileus thick, sulcate, ungulate, rarely applanate. Be 
Pileus at first thin, triangular or lobed, shining reddish-chestnut above, becoming 
dimidiate, ungulate at the center, and dull brown: spores ovoid, 3.5 >< 5 . 
Pileus attached by a lateral stipe which soon disappears. 7. £. stipitatus. 
Pileus thin, distinctly zonate, irregular or applanate, crust brown to black: spores 
ovoid, hyaline, 6 4. 2. £. annosus. 
5. Surface not soon rimose, older pores not visible. 6. 
Surface soon becoming rimose, deeply sulcate, older peres visible in the upper pro- 
jecting annual layers: pileus exactly ungulate, found only on Shepherdia. 
4. F. Ellisianus. 
6. Pores 4-5 to a mm. a. 
Pores 2-3 to.a mm.: pileus subtriangular, gray to black, context white to pale 
cinnamon: spores ellipsoidal, 7-8 6-74; abundant on /raxinus. 
™ 5. &. fraxinophilus. 
7. Pileus applanate, many times sulcate, horny encrusted, extremely hard in sub- 
stance ; tropical. 6. F. ligneus. 
Pileus ungulate, applanate when very large, deeply annually sulcate, surface often 
resinous, bay or black in color ; abundant on coniferous trees in temperate regions. 
3. &. ungulatus. 
8. Pileus ungulate, becoming black only at the base, zonate and concentrically sulcate 
in age, tubes over 0.2 cm. long. 8. F. Ohiensts. 
Pileus scutellate, uniformly black when quite young, tubes less than 0.2 cm. 
long, context thinner than tube-layer. 9. F. scutellatus. 
g. Pileus cylindrical, tubes long, visible at edges of older strata, context friable, be- 
coming bitter ; growing on conifers. 10. #, Laricts. 
Not as above. 10. 
Io. Pores large, 2 toa mm., becoming reddish when bruised, annual strata separated 
by thick layers of context ; tropical. 13. F. rubritinctus. 
Pores small, 5-7 to a mm., not changing to reddish when bruised. II. 
Ir. Tubes less than 2 mm. long each season, context punky, hymenium glistening, 
not becoming dark in color. 11. F. populinus. 
Tubes more than 2 mm. long each season, context hard and rather friable, hyme- 
nium becoming smoky or brownish, cracking in age. 12. F. Melae. 
1. Fomes roseEus (Alb. & Schw.) Cooke 
Boletus roseus Alb. & Schw. Consp. Fung. 251. 1805. 
Polyporus roseus Fr. Syst. 1: 372. 1821. 
Polyporus carneus Nees, Nov. Act. Nat. Curios. 13: pl. 3. 
1827. 
fomitopsis rosea Karst. Rev. Myc. 3: 18. 1881. 
fomes roseus Cooke, Grevillea, 14: 19. 1885. 
Fomes carneus Cooke, Grevillea, 14: 21. 1885. 
This fungus is very widely distributed and does serious injury 
to various coniferous trees both in Europe and America. Its 
form varies greatly with the character of the host plant. Besides 
the names mentioned above, P. rufo-pallidus Trog (Flora, 15: 556. 
