1056 GENTIANEA (Hill and Prain). 
OrpEr XC. GENTIANEZ. 
(By A. W. Hint and D, Pram.) 
Flowers usually regular and hermaphrodite. Calyx inferior 
4-6-lobed or -partite; lobes usually imbricate. Corolla gamo- 
petalous ; tube campanulate, funnel-shaped or cylindric, sometimes 
with a constricted limb; lobes 4—6, contorted, imbricate or 
induplicate-valvate. Stamens 4—6, inserted in the corolla-tube or on 
the corolla-throat ; filaments filiform or dilated at the base ; anthers 
dorsifixed or basifixed, sometimes spirally twisted, dehiscence 
longitudinal or at times by apical pores or slits. Disk obsolete or 
annular or 5 hypogynous glands. Ovary superior, 2-carpelled, cells 
2 or 1; ovules on each placenta usually numerous ; style simple ; 
stigma entire or 2-lobed. Fruit usually a capsule, dehiscence 
usually septicidally 2-valved, sometimes partial and 4-valved ; 
oceasionally fruit subindehiscent. Seeds usually sessile, albuminous, 
sometimes winged; testa crustaceous or membranous; embryo 
small. 
Annual or perennial herbs, rarely shrubs, nearly always glabrous ; leaves usually — 
opposite (in Menyanthex alternate) ; flowers in Bei al cynics or fascicles ; cymes 
sometimes paniculate, or axillary and fasciculate or solitary. 
Species about 600, most plentiful in temperate regions throughout the globe ; _— 
also on tropical mountains, 
Tribe 1. Exace®.—Leaves opposite. Corolla-lobes contorted. ' Ovary 2-celled. 
I. Sebxa.—Disk-glands between calyx and corolla 0, Style usually with a 
2-glandular swelling near the base, 
Il. Exochenium.—Disk-glands present between calyx and corolla. Style v 
without a 2-glandular swelling. ot 
Tribe 2. CHrronte®.—Leaves opposite. Corolla-lobes contorted, without nectaries. 
Ovary 1-celled ; placentas intruded. 
III. Orphium.—More or less pubescent. Calyz-lobes obtuse, without keels. 
Crenulate disk between calyx and corolla. Flowers 5-merous in term! 
cymes. ee 
IV. Chironia.—Glabrous. Calyx-lobes usually acute, keeled. No disi: between 
ealyx and corolla, Flowers 5-merous in terminal cymes ; cymes some- 
times reduced to a solitary flower, sometimes paniculate. ; 
V. Enicostema.—Glabrous. Flowers 5-merous, in axillary fascicles. 
VL. Faroa.—Qlabrous. Flowers 4-merous, in terminal and axillary fascicles. 
Tribe 3. SweRTIER,—Leaves opposite. _Corolla-lobes contorted, with basal nectaries 
on their inner face. Ovary 1-celled; placentas parietal. _ eo 
_ VIL. Swertia.—The only South African genus. es 
‘Tribe 4, Menvanrne,-—Leaves alternate or all radical. Corolla-lobes induplieate- 
__-valvate. Ovary 1-celled ; placentas parietal. ae 
