395 
Pedicels stout, glabrous; flowers lateral, solitary; plants low and cespitose, stem 
4-Io cm. high, mostly glabrous; leaves small, in 4’s, broadly spatulate, slightly 
fleshy, glabrous, veins indistinct; flowers of medium size. Western species, 
G. Brandegeei. 
Pedicels slender, scabrous, often almost capillary, solitary and lateral or in terminal 
clusters of three ; stems slender, diffuse, weak and reclining, retrorse hispid ; leaves 
narrowly linear or larger and broadly spatulate, commonly in 4’s, scabrous on the 
margin and midrib; flowers minute. Northern and western species. 
G. trifidum. 
Pedicels stout, glabrous, in terminal clusters of three; plants diffusely branched, stem 
mostly erect, retrorse-hispid; leaves linear, obtuse, scabrous on the margin and mid- 
rib, mostly in 5’s and 6’s, flowers small. Species of the Great Plains and eastward. 
G, Claytoni. 
b. Flowers cymose ( pedicels irregularly branching); corolla large, 2mm, in diam., 
lobes ovate-triangular, obtuse; leaves commonly in 5’s or 6's, obtuse; branches 
Spreading; stem slightly roughened. Western species. 
G. cymosum, 
B. EnpDosperM LUNATE IN CROSS-SECTION ; FLOWERS WHITE, PURPLISH OR GREENISH, 
NUMEROUS IN TERMINAL AND LATERAL CYMOSE CLUSTERS; COROLLA 
4-PARTED; BRANCHES OF THE PLANT IN TWOS OR THREES, 
a. Leaves obtuse, mostly thin and dull, in 2's to 6's; flowers numerous on slender 
pedicels; corolla white, lobes acute; fruit glabrous. Northeastern sfectes. 
G. palustre. 
b, Leaves acute or cuspidate, 
Fruit glabrous, pedicels capillary; corolla white, lobes acute or acuminate; leaves lin- 
ear, slightly mucronate, mostly in 6’s; stem low and nearly smooth. Eastern 
species. G. concinnum. 
Fruit glabrous on slender pedicels in a very large compound cyme; corolla white, 
lobes acuminate; leaves short, elliptic-linear, strongly cuspidate, mostly in 6’s; 
stem long and ascending, very retrorse-hispid. Northeastern species. 
pote G. asprellum. 
Fruit minutely uncinate-hispid, pedicels long and capillary; corolla whitish or pur- 
plish, lobes acuminate; leaves mostly in 6’s, large, linear to broadly elliptic-linear, 
acute at each end, strongly cuspidate; stem long and weak, very rough. Pacific 
Coast species. G. asperrimum, 
Fruit strongly uncinate-hispid; inflorescence few-flowered, pedicels stout, mostly in — 
threes; corolla purplish or greenish, lobes acuminate; leaves mostly in 6’s, large, 
broadly elliptic-linear, cuspidate, more flaccid than in the other species of this 
section; stems prostrate or rarely ascending, glabrous or hirsute. Distribution — 
general. G. trifiorum. 
1, GALIUM ARCUATUM 0. Sp. 
G. trifidum cuspidulatum Gray, ined. 
_ Perennial, very large; stems ascending or reclining, 3-12 dm. 
high, glabrous, rather obtusely angled, diffusely branched, branch- 
