400 
Oregon: Lyall (1858); Cronkhite (1864); Cusick no. 1397 
(1886). : 
Colorado: Patterson (1892). 
Wyoming: Nelson, no. 1115 (1894). 
Saskatchewan: Bourgeau (1858). 
GALIUM TRIFIDUM PACIFICUM nN. var. 
Larger and stouter than the type; leaves unequal, mostly in 
4's, large and broadly oblong-spatulate, obtuse, cuneate at the 
base (15-23 mm. by 3-5 mm.), thin and flaccid; pedicels lateral, 
capillary, scabrous and arcuate as in thé type, 1-flowered, equalling 
the leaves or shorter; corolla minute, 3-parted. 
Some Washington specimens have nearly glabrous pedicels. 
California to Washington. 
Type in Herb. Cornell Univ.; Placer Co., Cal., Carpenter (1892), 
Bottom lands of the Columbia River, Suksdorf, no. 1661 (1893). 
5. Gatium Crayton! Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 78. 1803. 
Roem. & Schul. Syst. Hooker, Fl. Bor. Am. 
G. trifidum Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 103. 1814. Torr. Fl. N. & 
M. States, 78. 1826. Darl. Fl. Cest. 
G. irifidum (in part) T. & G. Fl, N. A. 2: 22. 1841. DC. 
Prodr. 4: 597. 1830. 
G. tinctorium Bigelow, Fl. Bost. ed. 2,54. 1824. 
Perennial; erect or ascending, becoming more diffuse when 
old, 15-60 cm. high; stem slender, or in some specimens quite 
stout, sharply 4-angled, more or less rough, the diffuse branches in 
2’s; leaves of medium size (8-15 mm. long), commonly in 5’s or 
6's, linear-spatulate or spatulate-oblong, obtuse, cuneately narrowed 
into a short petiole, rather firm in texture, scabrous on the margin 
and midrib, dark-green and dull above, not papillose, discolored in 
drying ; flowers in clusters of 2’s or 3's, terminal, provided with I 
or 2 minute bracts; pedicels straight, in fruit strongly divaricate, 
glabrous and rather stout; corolla minute, white 3-parted, lobes 
broadly oval, obtuse; fruit glabrous; endos é ‘ 
, ; perm spherical and hol- 
low, annular in cross-section. 
This species, heretofore confounded with G. trifidum, embraces 
all the eastern forms with trifid corolla and scabrous stems not in- 
cluded under G. zrifidum. Although somewhat variable, no varie- 
ties can be distinguished. It forms, however, a fairly well defined 
species. Its closest relative is G, trifidum, from which it differs in 
