408 
and were well laden with green half-grown berries. These shrubs 
were few in the cleared land, browned as if sun burned, while the 
scattered berries were ripening and some fully ready for the 
pickers. The remarkable reduction in the number of these Erica- 
ceous shrubs might be largely due to the harsh treatment in con- 
nection with the removal of the trees, but there seemed to be un- 
mistakable evidence that the specimens that had escaped the 
ravages of the woodman were suffering from the added exposure 
that the clearing of the trees had brought them. | 
Among the herbaceous plants none were more strikingly af- 
fected by the removal of the trees than the skunk cabbage. 
While in the shade of the trees the leaves were broad and green 
as in their wont to be, in the clearing the foliage had a yellow 
sickly cast with not more than half the size of the blades of the 
shaded plants. A long slender-leaved sedge neither in bloom nor 
fruit stopped short at the clearing as if cut down by a scythe. A 
sphagnum that had its usual vigor in the shade was brown and 
dry-topped in the sun, and gave unmistable signs of disliking tne 
new situation. In the clearing many of the oak sprouts were 
scalded at the tip. Ferns were much smaller in the sun than in 
the shade, and this was particularly true of Ossmunda cinnamomea 
which in the shade spread out its great fronds into large “ eagle 
nests,” while those in the sun were nearly upright, and besides ~ 
being dwarfed were browned as if in late autumn. The Ossunda 
regalis was found only in the shade. 
On the other hand the grape vines, of a slender growth in the 
woods, run rampant over the large brush piles, due to the greater 
freedom as much perhaps as to the increased sunlight they now 
enjoy. The Parthenocissus quinguefolia behaved similar to its 
kind in the shade with a striking difference in the shorter 
in the sunned plants. 
Over all these five acres there was a striking absence of plants 
common to the open. At one point about two rods from a public 
road there were found two plants of Bidens frondosa and one 
small one of Ambrosia artemisifolia. A half-dozen solidagos 
not yet in bloom, probably S. Canadensis were taken. The 
only striking instance of open air vegetation was two small tufts 
of Holcus lanatus upon a knoll, where seed of this velvet grass 
got a foothold no one can tell how. 
petioles 
