417 
as to later names and barbarisms we follow the “Natiirlichen 
Pflanzenfamilien.”’ Alterations in endings or in the word itself 
are not, as a rule, approved. Notorious errors in those derived 
from personal names must, however, be removed; for example, 
Riilingia is to be written in place of Rudingia as used by the English 
and imported by us.* 
5. Generic names, which have been remanded to synonymy 
are better not used again in an altered sense to designate a new 
genus, or a section, etc.+ 
6, Priority is to determine the choice of specific names, un- 
less objections to their maintenance have been made in a mono- 
graph. If a species is transferred to another genus it must there 
retain its oldest specific name.{ 
7. The author who first named the species even if under another 
genus must always remain knowable, and to this end his name 
( Zeichen — sign) is to be placed in a parenthesis before the name 
of the author who has effected its transfer to the new genus, thus 
Pulsatilla pratensis (L.) Mill = Anemone pratensis L. In case the 
author of a species has himself later transferred it to another ge- 
nus the parenthesis will be omitted. (In continued works where 
the parenthesis has not been employed, this rule need not be fol- 
lowed.)§ 
8. As regards the methods of writing names of species the 
* «Notorious errors” are likely to be variously understood. 
+ The publication of a generic name or a binomial invalidates the use of the 
Same name for any subsequently published genus or species respectively. (Canon 
IV, Rochester Code. ) 
In the rejection of generic homonyms the German rule is not as definite and ex- 
act as the American, and is thus the more likely to be inconsistently employed and 
variously understood, The German rules do not definitely refer to specific homo- 
myms, though from the practice of some of the subscribers to them we infer that the 
maatter is in mind. 
In the transfer of a species to a genus other than the one under which it was 
first published the original specific name is to be retained. (Canon III., Rochester 
Code, as amended at Madison.) 
The German and American principles here agree, save the exception of objec- 
tions made in « monographs.” How many descriptions or how scare pages consti- 
tute a « monograph >?” 
§ In the case of a species which has been transferred from one genus to another, 
the original author must always be cited in parenthesis, followed by the author of the 
new binomial. (Canon VIII., Rochester Code.) 
