506 
shortly after a spore pushes its way out and becomes free. This 
is followed by the abjunction of masses of the hypha contents so 
that usually there may be seen from 3—5 of the double cross walls 
in the mother cell. One of the peculiarities noticed in this study 
of spore formation was the size of the first spore produced, it be- 
ing uniformly, almost, exactly double that of the succeeding 
spores that were pushad out of thetube. The rapidity with which 
these spores are formed may be judged from the fact that a cul- 
ture 18 hours old had on an average of 10 spores at the tip of 
each tube, and in many instances the number was as high as 23. 
The time required for the production of the hypha themselves is 
not known exactly in this case; but by actual timing of the pro- 
duction of some of the spores it is determined that from 20 to 30 
minutes is all sufficient for the pushing out of a spore and the 
taking of its place at the mouth of the tube by its successor, and 
in some cases the time required is reduced from 15-20 minutes. 
It is not usual for these spores to form and remain in rows after 
they have escaped; but under the circumstances under which 
they were observed they formed little irregular groups at the ends 
of the mother tubes. While this form of spore production is not 
new it is nevertheless infrequent. My first personal knowledge of 
it was in connection with the study of the sweetpotato black rot 
fungus Ceratocystis fimbriata Ell. & Hals. The observation first 
being made with this species by Mr. Fairchild, who at the time 
was investigating the potato decay in my laboratory. This 
method of spore production is treated in a paper upon the 
Ceratocystis in the Journal of Mycology, Vol. 7, No. 1, and the 
endogenous form of the conidia is given on pages 5 and 6 with 
several references to previous articles bearing upon this peculiar 
formation of spores. A plate given in Botanische Zeitung, 1847, 
there referred to, shows very well this peculiar method of spore 
formation. However, I do not observe that any mention is made 
of the double size of the first spore, and there is no indication in 
the figure of adjunction of the spores within the tube. Dr. Zopf, 
in like manner in “ Die Pilze,”’ Figure 61, shows the same method 
of spore formation as taking place in 7/elavia basicola Zopf. 
The second form of spore has been studied, and there is not e 
