532 
more loosely pubescent, or puberulent, often with cinereous or 
somewhat rusty hairs; leaves at first 4-7 cm. broad on petioles, 
2.5—5 cm. long, later becoming much larger, and reaching an ex- 
treme size of 21 cm. wide by 19 cm. long on petioles 32 cm. in 
length ; flowers at anthesis usually reclining on the ground on 
short, spreading or declined peduncles, at maturity often erect or 
raised on ascending or erect peduncles 13-40 mm. long ; freshly 
opened flower about 1.3 cm. long, the tube of the calyx about 
twice the length of the ovary, when fully grown, often 2.5 cm. 
long and 12-15 mm. wide, the ovary and tube of about equal 
length ; upper half of the erect calyx-lobes spreading or ascend- 
ing, somewhat crescentic in outline with revolute margins which 
pass into an upcurved tubular acumination 4-8 mm. long ; 
spread of the flower across the acuminate lobes 2-3.8 cm., 
the opening of the tube circular; rudimentary petals almost 
always present as filiform bodies 2-4 mm. long, rising from the 
surface of the ovary opposite the sinuses of the calyx ; peduncles 
and calyx villous-pubescent, or in age nearly canescent, the 
spreading purple segments densely erect-puberulent with thickish 
purple hairs, or sometimes greenish and nearly glabrous, probably 
through abrasion; inflexed tips of the calyx-lobes in the bud 
coherent and extending down to the tip of the column ; exterior 
of the calyx hexagonal, the six faces plane, dull-whitish to 
greenish-purple, the interior of the tube deep purple more than 
half-way down to the white base which surrounds a hexagonal 
purple band enclosing the stamens; surface of ovary at maturity 
somewhat pyramidal, rising into the short, thick terete column 
which is 2-4 mm. high and rather deeply six-lobed at the summit ; 
stigmas prominent, at anthesis pale pink and densely spiculate ; 
stamens dull pinkish-purple, anthers dull pink ; prolonged tips of 
the filaments slender-subulate, from one to three times the length 
of the anther in the longer series of stamens. (Plate 316.) 
Specimens examined indicate a range from Quebec and On- 
tario to western Massachusetts, southeastern New York and Penn- 
sylvania and southward in the Alleghanies to Virginia. Mr. 
Pollard tells me that the species is frequent about Washington. 
The plant grows in rich hilly woods often in rocky situations. 
It begins to flower at New York from the third week in April to 
the first week in May; in some seasons flowers are still to be 
found at the end of June. 
After the flower has fallen the bud for the next season’s 
growth appears at one side of the cicatrix left by the peduncle, or _ 
