466 Durand : Classification of the Fleshy Pezizineae 



corresponded pretty nearly to Schroeter's order Pezizineae. It 

 was also equivalent to the genera Peziza (exclusive of divisions A, 

 E, F, and G), Ascobolus and Helotium of Persoon. 



The family Pezizeae comprised three genera, exclusive of 

 Patellaria. These were Peziza, Ascobolus and Bulgaria. Ascobolus 

 was transferred intact from Persoon's system. Bulgaria was the 

 same as the section A, Tremelloideae, of that author, while the 

 genus Peziza of Fries comprised Persoon's Peziza sections B, C 



and D. 



Fries divided his genus Peziza into three series, which were in 

 turn separated into twelve tribes. The three series Aleuria, Lack- 

 nea and PJiialea, thus constituted, were equivalent to the divisions 

 B, C and D, respectively, of Persoon. 



From what has been said in the paragraphs preceding, it will 

 be seen that the Friesian classification was founded directly upon 

 that of Persoon. Prominent points of difference are found in the 

 narrowed generic limits of Peziza, as well as the fact that three 

 families were constructed from the genus as limited by Persoon. 

 The important fact to be noticed, however, is that Fries established 

 ordinal, subordinal, and family grouping which did not exist in the 

 nomenclature of the earlier writer. Persoon's Peziza was the sub- 

 order Cupulati of Fries. On the other hand the minor divisions 

 of the two authors corresponded almost precisely. 



The Friesian arrangement, then, will be recognized as an im- 

 portant step in the development of the classification of the Dis- 

 comycetes. It is apparent, however, that the basis for this is to 

 be found almost entirely in the gross and external characters of 

 the plants. No peculiarities of development or of microscopic 

 structure had at this time any place in systematic classification. 



This system of classification remained in use for twenty seven 

 years. In 1849, the same author* produced a modification of his 

 previous arrangement, which will be recognized as a marked im- 

 provement in the system. There was established a family Dis- 

 comycetes under which were included six orders, (1) Helvellaceae, 

 (2) Bulgariaceae, (3) Dermateae, (4) Patellariaceae, (5) Phacidi- 

 aceae and (6) Sticteae. 



The order Helvellaceae included besides the cup-shaped forms, 

 the mitrate and clavate ones as well. 



* Fries (2). 



