468 Durand : Classification of the Fleshy Pezizineae 



descriptions, was drawn from the cell structure of the excipulum. 

 Six genera were first described in this paper. 



Nylander in 1868 followed the classification of Fries, enumer- 

 ating 108 species of Peziza and 8 of Ascobolns. He was the first 

 to describe accurately and fully the characters of the asci and 

 spores and to give careful measurements. This author also laid 

 much stress on the action of iodine in coloring the asci. 



Karsten in 1869* divided the genus Peziza into 25 sections 

 and described 239 species. This work is noteworthy in this con- 

 nection principally as showing the tendency to break up the genus 

 Peziza into subgenera. 



Fuckelf in this same year defined a group Discomycetes, which 

 he separated into six subgroups or families, as follows : Sticteae, 

 Phacidiaceae, Patellariaceae, Bulgariaceae, Pezizeae, and Helvel- 

 laceae. These groups were based for the most part upon the 

 Friesian arrangement. The most marked peculiarity of Fucker s 

 system is to be found in the closeness with which his generic limits 

 were drawn. Under the Pezizeae were included thirty one genera, 

 based upon the habit, consistency, color, external features, and the 

 minute characters of the fruiting organs. The genera were grouped 

 in the family on the basis of consistency. 



Karsten % acknowledged his indebtedness to the labors of such 

 men as Tulasne and de Bary, and adopted in his Mycologia Fen- 

 nica of 1871 an arrangement in which their influence was mani- 

 fested. In the work mentioned there was described an order, 

 Discomycetes, including three families — the Helvellaceae, Peziza- 

 ceae, and Phacidiaceae. Under the Pezizaceae several subfamilies 

 were described, of which some, notably the Pezizeae, Helotieae 

 and Mollisieae, exhibited relationships which had not been indi- 

 cated previously. A prominent character suggested in connection 

 with these three families was taken from the structure of the cells 

 of the sterile portion of the apothecium. In the arrangement of 

 genera, Karsten discarded the Friesian system entirely. Many new 

 genera were erected, but, in this respect, the present writer was 

 much less radical than Fuckel. 



During the few years following, no publication of importance 

 appeared relating to the classification of the Discomycetes. To be 



^ ^^ 



• Karsten (i). f Fuckel, p. 248. \ Karsten (2), p. 5. 



