Durand : Classification of the Fleshy Pezizineae 469 



sure, M. C. Cooke brought out the very excellent Mycographia or 

 figures of the Discomycetes but the arrangement was that of Fries. 

 In. 1884, however, Saccardo,* in his Conspectus Discomycetum, 

 applied to these plants the novel method of arrangement which he 

 had already made use of in other groups of the Ascomycetes. He 

 adopted an order Discomycetes, including eight families. Within 

 the families the subdivisions were based on the color, form and de- 

 gree of septation of the sporidia. Saccardo's generic limits occu- 

 pied a middle ground between those of Fries, on the one hand, 

 and of Fuckel and Karsten on the other. There were a few large 

 genera with large numbers of subgenera. 



Phillips, in 1887, adopted the major groups set forth by Sac- 

 cardo, including, however, a ninth family, the Gymnoascaceae, 

 with a single genus Ascomyces (Exoascus). The group Pezizeae was 

 separated into two series, Nudae and Vestitae, based on the external 

 features of the cup. Under these were arranged twelve genera, 

 most of the species, however, being included under five of these, 

 which in turn contained numerous subgenera, many of which had 

 been given generic rank by Fuckel and Karsten. 



In 1 889, appeared the volume of Saccardo's Sylloge Fungorum f 

 treating of the Discomycetes. The arrangement here used was 

 based on the Conspectus of 1884. Generic limits were, however, 

 much more closely drawn in the Sylloge than in the earlier work, 

 the old Friesian arrangement was entirely abandoned, and most of 

 the subgenera of the Conspectus were elevated to generic rank, 

 while several new ones were added. 



M. C. Cooke, % in 1892, abandoned the Friesian system, adopt- 

 ing as the best yet produced the arrangement of Saccardo's Sylloge 

 Fungorum. He, however, dispensed with the grouping based on 

 the color of sporidia, making a subsequent slight rearrangement of 

 the genera. 



During the last dozen years there have appeared three impor- 

 tant German works dealing with the Discomycetes. In 1887, 

 Rehm began to elaborate the Discomycetes for Rabenhorst's 

 Kryptogamen-Flora. The most striking innovation in this work 

 was the inclusion of many of the Lichens among the Dis- 

 comycetes. The order was separated into two divisions: (1) 



* Saccardo (i). f Saccardo (2). {Cooke (3), pp. xiii, 249 et se<j. 



