SPECIES OF LAPPULA 537 
Appendage hirsute, the hairs as long or longer : flowers bluish (or some- 
times white ?). 9. L. caerulescens, 
II. Back of nutlets unarmed or with short glochidiate prickles ; lateral prickles united 
for about half their length. 
Flowers greenish: corolla-lobes broadest at base; appendage smooth, much 
broader than long, lunate, the protuberance forming a short blunt tooth. 
10. L. hispida, 
Flowers blue: corolla-lobes suborbicular ; appendages short-pilose ; protuberance 
short. 
Back of nutlets with glochidiate bristles. 
Flowers blue : pubescence fine, appressed. tr. L. ciliata. 
Flowers blue: leaves bristly, green. 12. L. setosa. 
Flowers white: leaves bristly, ashy-gray. 13. L. cinerea. 
Back of nutlets without glochidiate bristles. 
Back of nutlets coarsely granulate-scabrous, with central ridge faint or 
none. 14. L. ursina. 
Back of nutlets nearly smooth, with a prominent central ridge. 
15. Z. scaberrima. 
TI. Back of nutlets with glochidiate prickles about as long as the marginal ones. 
Corolla white, rotate, the tube not exceeding the calyx ; appendage broader than 
long, short pilose. 16. L. Californica. 
Corolla blue or pink, short-salverform, the tube longer than the calyx. 
Corolla 10-15 mm. broad : appendages very large, one third as long as the 
corolla lobes ; protuberance equally long: pubescence velvety. 
17. L. velutina. 
Corolla 6-8 mm. broad : appendages small, one sixth as long as the corolla- 
lobes, the protuberance very smal] : pubescence not velvety. 
18. Z. nervosa, 
1. LappuLa FLoRIBUNDA Greene, Pittonia, 2: 182. 1891 
Echinospermum floribundum Lehm. Pugillus, 2: 24. 1830. 
Specimens of this species in fruit are very easily distinguished 
from fruiting specimens of the following, but flowering specimens 
are sometimes distinguishable only with difficulty. The only dif- 
ferences which seem to separate the two species in flower are the 
smaller corollas and denser racemes of L. floribunda. According 
to Cusick, Z. floribunda is always biennial in duration, L. diffusa 
Perennial. So far as fruiting material goes there seem to be but 
two species, but Dr. Rydberg has segregated a third supposed 
Species, Z, leptophylla Rydb. (Fl. Mont. 329. 1900), of which I 
have seen no specimen. It is said to be distinguished from Z. 
Sloribunda by having smaller flowers and thinner leaves. It is 
very desirable that collectors take careful note in the field as to 
whether variations in the size of the corolla are correlated with 
