630 UNDERWOOD: THE GENUS GYMNOGRAMME 
Synopsis of the North American Species 
Leaves more or less pentagonal in outline. 
Lower basal divisions of lowest pinnae deeply pinnatifid; powder yellow or rarely 
white ; upper surface smooth, dark green. 1. C, triangularts. 
Lower basal divisions of lowest pinnae only slightly sinuate-lobed ; powder white ; 
upper surface viscous. 2. C. viscosa. 
Leaves elongate-triangular or lanceolate-ovate in outline. 
Venation distinctly pinnate. ; 
Pinnules blunt, entire or with rounded lobes at the base ; powder white. 
Texture coriaceous or firm ; pinnules broad, usually expanded. 
' : 3. C. tartared. 
Texture herbaceous; pinnules smaller and narrower with strongly revo- 
lute margins. 4. C. Peruviana. 
Pinnules acute, entire or with one or more acute lobes at base. 
Powder white. 5. C. calomelanos. 
Powder golden yellow. 6. C. chrysophylia. 
Venation flabellate or pseudo-flabellate. 
Powder white. 7. C. triangulata. 
Powder yellow. 8. C. sulphurea. 
“1, Ceropteris triangularis (Kaulf.) 
Gymnogramma triangulare Kaulf. Enum, Fil. 73. 1824. 
Stipes densely clustered from a very short rootstock, pale 
chestnut brown or sometimes blackish ; lamina pentagonal, 4-10 
cm. long, equally wide, with 6-7 pairs of opposite pinnae gradu- 
ally ending in a short apex: lowest pinnae unequally triangular, 
the lowest outer divisions much produced, broad, pinnatifid, the 
segments on the lower side considerably larger, the upper ee 
more or less pinnatifid, all with broad segments; second pair © 
pinnae lanceolate, pinnatifid with broad short segments, the lower 
outer division scarcely produced; upper pinnae becoming merely 
sinuate or the extreme uppermost entire ; upper surface smooth ; 
lower surface covered with yellow or occasionally white powder ‘ 
sporangia in lines following the forking veins, sometimes confluen 
when old. 
Ffab. California to Alaska (?); common. Commonly know? 
as the “ gold fern” or “ golden back.” A 
In the Kew herbarium there are three scrappy Nuttallian spect 
mens each marked with an asterisk and a name in Nuttall’s at 
acteristic hand. Two of these are from Oregon and the third 1 
imens 
from Santa Barbara, California. One of the Oregon Baer 
marked “ *ziscosa’’ is apparently the same as var. viscosa of D. if 
Eaton, which we can now with more ample materials separate 
a distinct species. All of Nuttall’s forms have white powder and 
