152 PENTANDRIA. MONOGYNIA. : 
subgenus lonia of Persoon there are 6 species in the i 
tropical parts of America, including among them the L 
J. Ipecacuanha, said to: produce the white Ipecacuanha 4 
of commerce, there are also two other species in India. 
The genus Viola, within its proper limits, is almost 
equally divided betwixt Europe and the temperate 
parts of North America; the few other species in India 
and the tropical parts of America appear to indicate 
more than one distinct genus; it is even probable that 
Viola heretofore very unnaturally associated with the 
Cisti! will at last become the type of a natural order. 
226. CLAYTONIA. Gronovius. L. 
_ Calix biparted. Petals 5. Stigma trifid. Cap- 
sule 1-celled, S-valved, 3 to 5-seeded. Seeds 
reniform, x 
_ Herbaceous and somewhat sicculent plants; roots most- 
Ty tuberous and perennial, rarely annual and fibrous; leaves 
radical; scape producing a single pair of opposite leaves, 
the upper part racemose, many-flowered, petals emargi- 
_ uate or bifid. (Germ in C. virginica, mostly 5-seeded.) 
Sreciss. I. C. virginica. 2. sputhulefelia. (C. earoiriana? 
Mich. C. lanceolata? Pursh ) Abundant round Pittsburgh, 
and xppears to supercede C. virginica as we proceed West- 
ward. 3. alsinoides. 4. perfoliata. 
A: North American genus, with the exception of C. 
_ gidirica; C. lanceclaia of Pursh extends into Siberia, 
and C. perfoliata, whith is annual, exists also in the isl- 
and of Cuba within the tropic. s . 
227. RHAMNUS. L. (Buck-thorn.) 
Calix urceolate, 4 or 5-cleft. Petals 4 or 5,5 
minute, in the form of scales opposite the sta-— 
_ Inina (sometimes 0.) Stigma 2 to 4-cleft. Ber- 
3 or 4-seeded. (Flowers mostly polygamous 
Taga 
ws Small trees or shrubs, with the lesser branches of- 
ten terminating in spines; leaves somewhat opposite, fie~ 
quently alternate, Flowers axillary, lateral, and termi- 
nes waits or =e fia flowers obscurely 
 SrEctes. 1. R. ainifolius. 2. carolinianus. 3. lanceolatus. 
~ Plentiful around New-Orleans, 4. minutiforus. Flowers 
Kak ¥ Ce Gis 4 mal «* Zs 
a ae 
On + Sn CE 
peg, = pO 
