73 



Araucaria Cunninghamii Ait,, No. 376. 



The largest tree of the mountains of Papua; 16 

 feet in girth, and 150 feet overall. Bole up to 

 - 80 feet. 



Fruit. — Cones. 



Bark. — § inch to 1 inch; dark-groAvn; very scaly, 

 peeling off in thickish papery layers, horizon- 

 tally, giving the bole a ringed appearance; more 

 often than not the half-shed bark hangs raggedly 

 to the bole. Inner bark mottled brown and 



white. Exudes a white opaque resin. Solution, 

 colourless; faint precipitate. 



Wood 



— Streaked white and yellow. 



Rays. — 200. Very indistinct, about 1-100 inch 

 deep. 



yellow. 



Show 



up 

 General. 



on quarter slightly darker 

 -A light-yellow, uniform 



wood. Solution wood: colourless; no 



precipi- 

 tate. Cuts rather hard, 35 lb. per cubic foot. 



Locality. — While a few trees Avere found as low as 

 3,500 feet, the lower limit of the main belt of 

 hoop pine would appear to be 4,000 feet; between 

 this and 5,200 feet trees were scarce, but be- 

 tween 5,200 feet and 8,000 feet, on the spurs of 

 Mount Obree, they were plentiful. Here they 

 are the conspicuous trees of the forest, standing 

 well above the surrounding trees, and always oc- 

 cupying the sky line on ridges and spurs. It 

 would seem the Pict or Scot of the forest world 

 driven to grow on stony precipitous ridges, and 

 to leave the better soil and easier slopes to its 

 broad-leafed brethren. On the southern side of 



between the Nornu river, near Obree 

 and Mount Victoria, there are only scattered 

 hoop pines here and there. This may be due to 

 the influence of the dry belt. It is common 

 all along the ranges on each side of the Ramu 



Markham Vallov. from 1 500 fppf. to 4-000 f^t 



the range, 



Date. 



■February, 



1923. 



Native names. — Yau (Kemp Welsh people). Also 



on the hills and mountains that close 



Ramu. 



in 



the 



Material collected. — Leaves, of mature trees and 

 seedling tree, cones, wood, and bark. 



docarpus A mar a Blume, Nos. 377 and 552. 



A large tree, 10 feet by 80 feet bole by 110 over all. 

 No buttresses. 



Leaves. — Podocarp type up to 8J inches by i inch. 

 Branches whorled. 



Flowers. — Immature. 



Bark. — ^ inch thick, a dark-brown, scaly, scales 

 lying close and shedding in irregular patches. 

 Inner bark light-brown, speckled w T hite. Solu- 

 tion, tawney red; dark-green precipitate. 



A\ r ood. 



brown. 



Sap 2^ inches, yellow, heart a light red- 



Rays. — 100, fine, straight or only slightly wavy; 

 less than 1-100 inch deep, and show up as 

 wavy lines on quarter. Pores. — Absent. Soft 

 tissue. — Absent. General. — A fine close-grained 

 yellow wood. Seasonal (?) rings streak it 

 darker and lighter yellow. Sol. wood: colour- 

 less; no precipitate. Cuts firm to hard. 38 lb. 

 per cubic foot. 



Locality. — This pine occurs in the same locality 

 as hoop pine, but has a wider range across the 

 Owen Stanley Range, behind the dry belt. The 

 largest trees were met with on the spur running 

 from Mt. Obree to the village of Laruni at an 

 altitude of 7,000 feet. 



Date. — 23rd February. 

 Native name. — Teo (Laruni). 



Remarks. — A sound, firm pine, wide range above 



6,000 feet. 

 Material collected. — Leaves, immature flowers, 



bark, wood. 



■ 



Podocarpus cupressina R. Br. (syn. P. imbricatus Br.), 



]\ T os. 269, 554. 



Large tree, 8 feet girth, 80 feet of bole and 120 

 feet over all. 



Leaves. — Characteristic Taxus type. 

 Flowers. — Unfortunately unable to find fruit and 

 flowers. 



Fruit. — As above. 



Bark. — Cinnamon to purple brown, scaly. Inner 

 bark yellow-brown. Solution, faint yellow. No 



precipitate. 



Wood. — A deal 



white timber with a band now 



and then of pale yellow wood. 



Rays. — Clear, 300, very pale yellow, wavy, very 

 indistinct on quarter. General. — A clear white 

 coniferous timber showing little or no grain. 

 Does not appear to be resinous. Solution wood; 

 colourless; no precipitate. Cuts firm to a little 

 hard. 29 to 37 lb. per cubic foot. 



Locality. — 5,000 feet up on the Owen Stanley 

 Range on trail between Kokoda and Gap, and 

 again on the spurs on the western side of the 

 range down to an altitude of 3,500 feet. Here, 

 however, the trees were small. Some fine speci- 

 mens at 7,000 feet on Mt. Obree. 

 the lower slopes of Sarawaket. 



Date. — Collected in August. 



— Mutzu mutsu. 



Common on 



Native name. 



Remarks. — The wood cuts easily, and should work 

 well. It has a long fibre, pulps well, and should 

 make a good mechanical newsprint pulp. 



Material collected. — Leaves, wood, bark. 



Podocarpus neriifolius Don, Nos. 238 and 275. 



Medium tree, 7^ feet girth and 50 feet bole. 100 

 feet over all. No buttresses. Branches very hori- 



zontal. 



Lea\ 



es. 



4 to 



-Simple, alternate. Petiole, -| inch. Blade, 

 6 2 by f to \% inch. Linear-lanceolate, 



white close-grained coniferous wood. 



Solution 



wood: colourless; no precipitate. 34 lb. per 

 cubic foot. 



Locality.— Hydrographer foot hills and foot hills 

 of Owen Stanley Range, both sides, at about 

 600 to 1,500 feet. 



Date. — Flowers in August in Hydrographer's 

 Range. 



Native names.— Rasara (Horonda), Hera Kaika 

 (Vailala). 









acuminate, slightly twisted from petiole to tip 

 Venation invisible. Glabrous, coriaceous. Twig 

 green, longitudinally grooved. 

 Flowers. — Sessile in groups of three in the leaf 

 axile. 



Fruit. — Axillary, characteristic. 



Bark—Cinnamon brown to nigger, scaly. Scales 

 longitudinal, narrow. Fibres often twisted so 

 that bark is spirally lined. Inner bark red- 

 brown. Solution faint yellow. Green pre- 

 cipitate. 



Wood. — Oregon yellow, traversed with straw 

 yellow rings, which show up as longitudinal lines 

 on the quarter. 



Rays.— 450-500. Very fine and indistinct on 

 cross section. l-60th inch deep; show up as 

 faint lines on quarter. A number of red-brown 

 resin ducts are visible in a translucent section. 

 Soft tissue. — Absent. General. — A yellow and 



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