SYNGENESIA. ZQUALTIS,. 1$1 
This vast genus, containing more than 100 species, is 
almost exclusively indigenous to Europe; a few species 
exist in Barbary, Persia, Siberia and the Levant, 
there ? also vod pres cee species in India; Carduus ears 
properly to be co to the temperate regions of the 
northern hemisphere. ie 
539. LIATRIS. Schreber. 
Calix oblong, imbricate. Recepiacle naked. 
Pappus plumose, persistent, (often coloured). 
Anthers entire at the base. Seed pubescent, stri- 
ate, and inversely conic. 
Herbaceous perennials; roots tuberous or fibrous; 
leaves alternatéy perfectly entire, often narrow, glandu- 
larly punctate; flowers spiked, or subcorymbose, 
calix 5, 10, or 20-flowered.—(Style bifid, exserted; seed 
minutely stipitate at the base, striate, striz about 10; in- 
tegument of the seed multivalvular.) 
" § x. Flowers spiked, roots tuberous. ’ 
Species. J. L. spicata. Calix about 10-flowered. 
pyenostachya. 3. minifolia. 4. cylindracea.  —__ 
5. *tenuéfolia. Slender and every where smooth; leaves 
filiformly-linear, very long and crowded, diminishing up- 
wards into short bractes; raceme very long; uncles 
filiform, and squamose; calix oblong, mostly 5-flowered, 
| the sandy fo- 
scales oblong and mucronulate. Has. 
rests of North and South Carolina. Tuber scarcely as 
large asa walnut. Stem simple, 2 to 3 or 4 feet high, 
and as well as the leaves smooth. Leaves almost lke 
those of Pinus palustris, but flat and linear, near a span 
long at the root, where they are circularly crowded, and 
no broader than an sowing thread, gradually di- 
_ minishing upwards, they become at length scarcely an 
inch long, and are, after the manner of the genus, covered 
; with impressed punctures. Raceme from 1 to 2 —— 
smooth, externally scattered, as usual, with brilliant resi- 
nous atoms. Pappus plumose, scarcely longer than the 
villous seed. A very singular and elegant species- 
6. heterophylla. Calix 8 to 10-flowered. 7. aspera. 8. 
pilosa, B. gracilis, L. gracilis. Pu. 2. p. 508. This plant, 
with which I am acquainted; appears to be merely a 
smoother variety of L. pilosa, but even this plant has a pu- 
d, closely sessile; calix oblong, 4 and 5- 
