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kept distinct, the Humaytha bird has to go with the former. In fact, on comparing 
three adults from Bolivia with Mr. Hoffmanns’ specimen, I find that they agree 
in having the ferruginous colour below restricted to the throat and foreneck, and 
the abdomen of a rather pale rufescent brown ; while in skins from Pern and Teffé 
the ferruginons is extended farther down the middle of the chest, and the abdomen 
is decidedly deeper rufous brown. Adults of both forms show the cheeks and 
ear-coverts uniform deep ferruginous. 
Leucolepis modulator salvini (Sharpe),* from Eastern Ecuador (Rio Napo) and 
S.E. Colombia (Cuembi, Rio Putumayo),t differs from both by having the cheeks 
and ear-coverts deep olive-brown without any ferruginous, and by its darker 
wings. In the extent of the ferruginous colour on the lower parts it resembles 
L. m. rufogularis.| 
9. Leucolepis modulator griseolateralis (Ridgw.). 
Cyphorhinus griseolateralis Ridgway, Proc, U.S. Nat. Mus, x. 1887. p. 518 (1888.—Diamantina 
near Santarem, Rio Tapajéz), 
No. 946. dad., Maruins, Rio Machados, 27. vi. 1908.— Wing 63 ; tail (moulting) 
34; bill 174 mm. 
Nos. 174, 348, 428. dd ad., d imm., Calama, 6. vil., 7, 19. viti. 1907.—Wing 
65—67 ; tail 37—39 ; bill 17—174 mm. 
Nos. 175, 352, 427. 22 ad. and imm., Calama, 6. vii., 8, 19. vili. 1907.— Wing 
62—64; tail 34—36; bill 154—17 mm. 
No. 962. ? juv., Maruins, 30. vi. 1908.— Wing 62 ; tail 34; bill 17 mm. 
“Tris brown, feet dark or blackish brown, bill black, below grey.” 
This series differs from LL. m.. modulator by the clearer brown, less rufescent 
upper parts, and earthy brown or ashy (instead of dark olive-brown) sides of the 
neck, breast, and abdomen. Moreover, the superciliary stripe, instead of being 
uniform deep ferruginous, is buffy white in its posterior portion, and the wings are 
shorter. Like ZL. m. modulator, the ferruginous colour is confined to the throat and 
foreneck ; the cheeks and ear-coverts are ferruginous, with some slight brownish 
streaks near the upper border of the auricular patch. 
The specimens tally well with Ridgway’s description, except that in none of 
them is the “hindneck tinged with greyish,” nor can the lower portion of the 
auriculars be termed “dull light greyish, very indistinctly striped with darker.” 
These slight discrepancies may, however, disappear on actual comparison. 
The series presents a considerable amount of variation, chiefly in the coloration 
of the lower parts. Nos, 946 and 348 have the breast and abdomen dull ashy, 
passing into dingy whitish grey in the middle of the chest, and very slightly tinged 
with pale brownish on the flanks. In the other specimens the belly is pale earthy 
brown, with the flanks more decidedly olive-brown, and the middle of the chest 
sometimes paling to dull buffy. The under tail-coverts are generally bright 
cinnamon-rafous, but in two skins (Nos, 848 and 427) scarcely more rufescent than 
the abdomen, The intensity of the ferruginous colour of the throat, forepart of 
the crown, etc,, is rather variable; the brown of the back is sometimes shaded with 
olive, etc. The maxilla is black, the mandible yellowish. 
The young bird (No, 962) differs very markedly from modulator juv. (ex 
* Cyphorhinus salvini Sharpe, Cat. Birds Brit, Mus. vi. p. 292. pl. xviii. fig. 1 (1881.—R‘o Napo, 
Eastern Ecuador). 
+ There are two adults from this locality, collected by G. Hopke, in Mus. H, v. Berlepsch, 
