( 340.) 
evidently geographical races of the same ‘“ Formenkreis.” The males differ from 
each other only in intensity of coloration and in the amount of white spotting, and 
the females are even less different. 
Their ranges and characters may be summarized as follows :— 
(a) T. aethiops aethiops Sel. 
Thamnophilus aethiops Sclater, P.Z.S. Lond. xxvi. p. 65 (1858.—Rio Napo, Eastern Ecuador) ; 
Le. p. 457 (Zamora) ; Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. xv. p. 190 (Eastern Ecuador) ; Salvadori & Festa, 
Boll. Mus. Torino xiv. No. 362. 1899. p. 27 (Zamora) ; Goodfellow, [bis 1902. p. 64 (Coca, Rio 
Napo). 
Hab. Eastern Ecuador : Coca, Upper Napo (Goodfellow), Sarayagu (Buckley), 
Zamora (Fraser, Festa). 
3 ad. Deep black with slight gloss ; bend and edge of the wing and under 
wing-coverts speckled with white. 
Wing 74; tail 60 mm. 
? ad. Upper parts deep chestnut-brown ; rectrices blackish edged with deep 
chestnut. Sides of head like the back, under parts somewhat lighter chestnut. 
Axillaries orange, quill-lining pale rufous buff. 
Wing 74—76 ; tail 60—64 mm. 
(6) T. aethiops polionotus Pelz. 
T. polionotus Pelzeln, Zur Orn. Bras. ii, p. 147 (1868.—Marabitanas, Barcellos, Rio Negro). 
T. tristis Sclater & Salvin, Nomencl. Av. Neotrop. p. 160 (1873.—Oyapoc, Cayenne) ; Hellmayr, Nov. 
ool. xiii. 1906, p. 338 (crit.), 
T. sp, inc. Berlepsch & Hartert, Nov. Zool. ix. 1902. p. 69 (La Pricion, Nicare, Venezuela). 
Hab. Venezuela: Nicare, La Pricion, Caura River. French Guiana: Oyapoc. 
North Brazil : Marabitanas, Barcellos, on the Rio Negro (Natterer), Humaytha, left 
bank of Madeira (Hoffmanns). 
3 ad. General colour plumbeons, cap blackish ; bend of the wing spotted with 
white, all the upper wing-coverts with well-defined white apical spots. 
Wing 73—76 ; tail 59—61 mm. 
? ad. General colour paler, more rafous brown than in 7. a. aethiops, and tail 
also rafous brown (instead of blackish). 
Wing 72—75; tail 58—64 mm. 
Obs. For synonymy cf. Nov. Zool. xiii. pp. 338-9. The male from Humaytha 
is slightly paler plumbeous than those from Marabitanas, Oyapoc, and Caura, but — 
does not otherwise differ. 
(ce) T. aethiops juruanus Thering. 
Thumnophilus juruanus Thering, Rev. Mus. Paul. vi. 1904. p. 439. pl. xvi. fig. 1 (1905.—Rio Juru4) ; 
Snethlage, Journ, f. Orn, 1908. p. 15 (Monte Verde, Rio Puris). 
Hab. West Brazil-: Rio Jurad (Garbe); Monte Verde, on the River Puris 
(Snethlage). 
3 ad. Exactly like the preceding form, bat median and greater wing-coverts 
uniform blackish (not tipped with white), and general coloration rather clearer 
plumbeons. 
Wing 75—79 ; tail 61—63 mm. 
?; Unknown. 
Obs. T. a. juruanus has, like T. a. polionotus, the cap blackish, small white 
