Xvi INTRODUCTION TO BOTANY. 
The epidermis or surface is said to be ~ “Nag 
viscous, viscid, or glutinous, when covered with a sticky or clammy exuda-_ 
tion. 
tuberculate or warted, when covered with minute, blunt, wart-like promi- 
nences. 
muricate, when covered with short, hard, sharp prominences. 
echinate, when the prominences are longer and sharper, almost prickly. 
setose or bristly, when bearing stiff, straight hairs. 
glandular-setose, when the sete or bristles are tipped with a minute, glandular 
head or drop. Dees 
glochidiate, when the setz are hooked at the point. 
pilose, when the surface is thinly sprinkled with rather lopg, simple hairs. 
hispid, when more thickly covered with rather stiff hairs. 
hirsute, when the hairs are dense and not so stiff. 
downy or pubescent, when the hairs are short and soft ; puberulent, when very — 
short or minute ; velvetty or velutinous, when very dense, like the pile — 
of velvet. ’ : 
strigose, when short, stiff hairs lie close-pressed to the surface, and all in one — 
direction ; strigillose, when such hairs are very short or small, 
tomentose or cottony, when the hairs are soft, short, dense, somewhat inter- 
woven, and usually white or whitish. 
woolly, when the hairs are loosely intricate and long, like wool. 
mealy or farinose, when the hairs are very minute, intricate, and white, and 
canescent, canous, or hoary, when the hairs are minute, close-pressed, and 
white, and not readily to be distinguished separately by the eye, but 
giving a general whitish hue to the epidermis. " 
glaucous, when of a pale blueish- , often covered with a bloom, like that — 
on a plum or cabbage leaf. 2 
148. Hairs are often branched. If forked from the base, thé forks eppatin. a 
opposite directions the hairs are said to be attached by the centre. If several branche 
radiate horizontally, the hairs are stellate or star-like. Stellate hairs become stellate — 
scales when the rays are confluent at base ; and the surface is said to be scaly or — 
lepidote. 
_ of a cellular or somewhat fleshy consistence, occasionally secreting @ 
3 
