74 VIOLARIE& (Sond.) [Lonidiwm. 
Has. Among stones, on the Zwarteberg, Caledon, #. & Z./ Zey. 1922. Gna- 
dendahl, Drege / Krauss/ (Herb. Sond., T.C.D.) 
Very similar to the preceding. Stem 6—12 inches long, brown or reddish. Leaves, 
especially the lower-ones, subremote, as long as or rather longer than the internodes, 
6-8 lines long, 1 line wide or wider. Stipules 3-4 lines long, toothed at base. 
Peduncles and flowers as in the preceding, but the spur shorter and more inflated. 
3. V. arvensis (Murray) ; annual; stems diffuse, angular ; leaves 
ovate-oblong, crenate-toothed ; stipules pinnatifid. H. Bot. Suppl. t. 2712. 
Has. A weed in cultivated ground, throughout the Colony and in Caffirland, 
E. & Z.! (Herb. Sond., T.C.D.) 
Introduced from Europe, 
Il. IONIDIUM, Vent. (ex parte) DC. 
Sepals 5, unequal, not produced at base. Petals 5, very unequal, the 
under one (labellum) much larger than the rest, clawed, the claw di- 
lated and concave, or shortly spurred or saccate at base. DC, Prod. 1. 
p- 307. Endl. Gen. 5041. 
Herbs and undershrubs, chiefly found within the tropics, especially of the Ameri- 
can continent, rare in the warmer temperate zone. Leaves alternate or opposite, 
serrate or entire, stipulate ; the stipules lateral, entire or laciniate and multifid. 
Flowers axillary, or in terminal racemes, usually nodding, the peduncle often 
jointed below the curved portion. Name, from tov, a violet and eidos, like. 
* Flowers without spurs. 
1. I. capense (R. & Sch. 5. p. 393) ; suffruticulose ; stems erect, very 
thinly downy, as are also the leaves ; leaves with very short petioles, 
obovate, the margin recurved, subserrato-dentate ; stipules subulate ; 
peduncles axillary, one-flowered ; sepals ovate, acute, pubescent ; label- 
lum subcordate, roundish. DC. Prod. 1. p. 308. E.& Z./ 123. Viola 
capensis, Thunb. Fl. Cap. p. 86. : 
Has. In woods. Galgebosch, Thwnberg/ Hill sides near Port Elizabeth, Kraka- 
waren yaa A 5 ee E, & Z.!, Zeyher 1919. Near Port Natal, Drege/ (Herb. 
nd., T.C.D. 
Stems ascending, 2~3 inches long. Leaves 8-12 lines long, 3 lines wide, sub- 
obtuse, narrowed into the petiole, paler on the under side... Peduncles solitary, 
filiform, bibracteolate. Sepals nearly 2 lines Jong. Corolla. whitish ; upper and 
lateral petals rather longer than the calyx ; labellum clawed, its lamina 4 lines long. 
Capsule minutely downy, thrice as long as the calyx. 
**. Flowers with (very short) spurs. 
subulate ; pe 
spur. 
Has. rd Natal, Gueinzius, Sanderson. (Herb. Sond., T.C.D., Hook.) Pe 
lines long, 5-6 lines wide, longer than the internodes, penninerved. Stipules minute. 
Peduncles as long as the leaves, or longer, at length nodding. Sepals 2—3 lines 
long. TLabellum pale rosy, 6 lines long’ and wide ; its spur } line long. “3 
se ; stems 
