BYTTNERIACE (Harv.) 179 
obsolete mucron, towards the base narrowed or cuneate. Allied to S. fetida, but 
differing in the obtuse not acuminate leaflets ; in the short not elongate racemes ; 
and in the downy not tomentose inner surface of the calyx. No one seems to have 
met with it but Dr. Alexander Prior, who found but a solitary tree, in a narrow 
kloof, somewhere among the Van Staaden Mts.; a locality rich in interesting plants, 
and probably still concealing other novelties. 
OrpER XXII. BYTTNERIACEZ, RB. Br. 
(By W. H. Harvey.) 
(Byttneriacex, R. Br. DC. Prod. 1. p. 481. Endl. Gen, No. cexl. 
Lindl. Veg. Kingd. No. exxvii.} satin 
Flowers regular. Calyx 4-5 cleft or parted, with valvate wstivation. 
Petals as many as the calyx lobes, clawed, with twisted (or indupli- 
cate-valvate) zestivation, or none. ‘Stamens hypogynous, sometimes as 
many as the petals and opposite to them, sometimes twice or several 
times as many, some barren and opposite the sepals ; filaments united 
at base or into a cup or tube ; anthers two-celled, introrse. Ovary of 
4—I0 (rarely of one) carpels united round a central column ; ovules in 
pairs, axile ; style single, stigmas as many as the carpels. ’ Fruit cap- 
sular, rarely indehiscent. Seeds albuminous, with a straight or curved 
embryo. 
Trees, shrubs, or undershrubs, rarely herbaceous, with stellate pubescence. ~Leaves 
alternate, simple, penninerved or palmate Reeve, entire or pinnatifid, stipulate. 
Flowers variously arran: 
Natives of the tropics of both hemispheres, extending into the warmer parts of the 
temperate zone, and particularly abundant in Australia and South Africa. This 
Order is nearly allied to Sterculiacex, from which it chiefly differs in its introrse, not 
extrorse, anthers. From Malvacez it is known by the definite stamens, and bilocular _ 
anthers ; and from Tiliacee ice the monadelphous stamens. All these Orders are 
separated by minor characters, and might, without violence, be united. The most 
important product of the present group is Cacao, from which chocolate is prepared, — 
and which is yielded 5 ee ee Theobroma. 
TABLE OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN GENERA. 
Sub-order 1. HerMannte&. Stamens Ss ‘opposite the pias, slightly 
connate at base; no barren stamens. 
i L Walthrin Ovary unequaled, cunilocular ; ae Wen: Capsule one- 
Il. ia.— Ovary “g-velled. Filaments flat, broadly linear, oblong, or 
— ee i 
Aa III. pce Paty s-celled. Filaments abruptly dilated in the middle (or 
shaped like a cross). Capsule 5-celled, many-seeded. 
‘Sub-order 2. Dompeyacem. Stamens 1 5-49, monadelphous at base, 
rarely all perfect ; usually the 5 which are opposite the pone sterile, os 
Se a er oe . 
beya.— Petals marcescent. Fertile stamens 10-15. 
ani: ee os. Ferti $- 
