on the Hortus Malabaricus, Part IV. 169 
Commeline, after stating the affinity of the gum-resin of the Paenoe to Gum 
Anime, had observed, “ similis arboris meminit Reechus nomine Copalli mon- 
tana. Ad hzc e Zeylan Insula simile adfertur gummi, quapropter et haec 
arbor non male forsan eo referri potest." On no stronger grounds, probably, 
Retzius considered this as the tree which produces Gum Copal, and called it 
Elcocarpus copalliferus, in which it is scarcely possible to say whether there is 
the greater want of care in tracing a substance used in the arts, or of skill in 
botanical arrangement, the Paenoe wanting every character by which the genus 
Elcocarpus is distinguished. Vahl, however, and Willdenow (Sp. Pl. ii. 1170.) 
adopt this name, but M. Poiret properly continues to call it Vateria indica 
(Enc. Méth. viii. 418.), as did Dr. Roxburgh (Hort. Beng. 42.). As Vahl 
says that his plant had all the generic characters of the Eleocarpus in its 
calyx, corolla, antherze and fruit, we may safely conclude that it is totally dif- 
ferent from the Paenoe, especially if it has a germen inferum, as Retzius is 
said to assert. Dr. Roxburgh alleges that the resin of the Paenoe is called 
East India Copal, and perhaps it may have passed for such at an Indian cus- 
tom-house, where a skill in drugs is not very conspicuous; but Mr. Turnbull 
of Mirzapur informed me, that some he sent home for a trial would not sell 
for Copal, although it was allowed to be Anime. The real Copal and Anime 
are, however, American productions. 
In 1806 I gave specimens and a drawing to Sir J. E. Smith ; and I shall here 
give a description taken in Canara, where the tree is called Dupada. In Car- 
nata it is called Cunglium, and in the Hindwi dialect its name is Gugulut. 
Arbor resinifera magnitudine Querci. Rami teretes. Turiones farina quasi 
aspersi. Folia alterna, magna, oblonga, utrinque obtusa, vel aliquando 
retusa, integerrima, glabra, costata, venosa. Petiolus teres, medio atte- 
nuatus, rugosus, nudus, brevissimus. Stipule gemine, laterales, caduce, 
sessiles, oblonge, integerrime, obtuse, farina asperse, brevissime. 
Panicule axillares, folio longiores, ramosissimee, laxæ ramis alternis, teretibus, 
elder Burman (Thes. Zeyl. 28.), who properly quotes the Paenu (by error printed Paeru), but errone- 
ously joins it with an American tree that produces Gum Elemi, and is figured by Plukenet (Phyt. 
t. 217. f.4.). It must be also observed, that the quotation from Grimm respecting the G. Elemi pro- 
bably refers to quite another plant, the Kekuna of the Ceylonese, which Burman calls (Thes. Zeyl. 166.) 
Myrobalanus Zeylanica ex qua G. Elemi, fructu odore et sapore prestans. 
