[^99] 
II. On the Flora of Mount Kinabalu, in North Borneo. By O. Stabr, Ph.D., 
Assistant for India, Royal Herbarium, Kew. (Communicated by W. T. THISELTON 
Dyer, C.M.G., F.R.S., F.L.S.) 
(Plates XI.-XX.) 
Read 15th June, 1893. 
In May, 1892, Dr. G. D. Haviland, then Curator of the Museum at Kuching, Sarawak, 
successfully accomplished an expedition to Mount Kinabalu, in North-east Borneo. A set 
of his botanical collections was sent to Kew, and I was entrusted with the determination 
of the plants and the description of the new species. In examining them I soon found out 
that our set contained not only all those species of Sir Hugh Low’s collection from the 
same mountain, which were described by Sir Joseph Hooker in the * Icones Plantarum’ 
(1852), and in the * Transactions of the Linnean Society ' (1860)—with the exception of 
Nepenthes, of which there is no specimen in Dr. Haviland’s collection—but also nearly 
all the other species from the same collector which were preserved, unnamed or 
provisionally named by Sir Joseph Hooker, in the Kew Herbarium. The same was the 
case with a set of specimens collected by Mr. F. W. Burbidge. I decided to include 
them with Dr. Haviland’s collection, particularly as they supplemented it in a very 
useful way as specimens, as well as by the notes which Sir Hugh Low had attached to 
them, and not less because I felt that I must not silently pass over the prominent 
share which Sir Hugh Low had in the exploration of that remarkable mountain. Thus 
the result was a complete enumeration of the plants hitherto collected on Mt. Kina- 
balu. The indications of altitude and of many other details on Sir Hugh Low’s and 
Dr. Haviland’s labels and numerous notes and sketches in Mr. Burbidge’s diary, which 
he kindly lent me, in combination with the descriptions of the general features of 
the mountain contained in Low’s report on his first ascent (Journ. Ind. Arch. vi. 
1852, pp. 1-17), in Spencer St. John’s article “Observations on the North-west Coast 
of Borneo ” (Journ. R. Geogr. Soc. xxxii. 1862, p. 217-233), and in the same author’s 
book ‘ Life in the Forest of the Far East,’ in Burbidge’s ‘The Gardens of the Sun,’ 
and in Whitehead’s ‘ Exploration of Mount Kinabalu,’ have encouraged me to draw a 
sketch of the general differentiation of the vegetation of the mountain in zones of altitude 
and in botanical formations.* The presence of Australian and Antarctic types in the 
flora of Kinabalu was already known from Sir Joseph Hooker’s publications and from 
occasional remarks in the * Genera Plantarum’ and in Bentham's ‘ Flora Australiensis,’ 
but it is much more pronounced in the collection now under consideration. This fact, 
and the very remarkable phytogeographical relationships of Kinabalu, induced me to 
also add a paragraph on the phytogeographical affinities of the flora of the mountain. 1 
. . , L4 LJ LI . ” 
* « Pflanzenformationen ” of Grisebach, * formations végétales," “ formazioni vegetali. 
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. L 
