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The shore seems well clothed with timber, and the foliage is 

 of the richest green. The observations taken here confirm me 

 in my opinion that the principal part of the timber consists 

 of Eucalyptus. I s^w no traces o[ Banksia nor of Cassuarina^ 



From the shore the country is seen to rise gradually into 

 gentle undulating hills, separated, apparently, by valleys of 

 considerable size ; the whole terminated by a magnificent 

 'ange of hills, thickly covered with heavy timber extending 

 aU along the bay. 



At the head of the bay the feature of the country changes: 

 exhibiting bold hills, with large masses of granite, in many 

 mstances jutting into the sea with considerable grandeur. 

 The hills, too, are clear of timber, with the exception of 

 some stunted Eucalyptus^ and are divided by beautiful wind- 

 ing valleys, in each of which is a small stream and a soil of 

 the richest loam, throwing up immense quantities of herbaceous 

 plants, amongst which I observed thistles of eleven feet in 

 height. I found the soil, on examination, to exceed ten feet 

 in depth. On difff^'insr the sand on the beach we found abun- 

 dance of fresh water, and the soil with which the hills are 

 covered is of the finest description to the very summit. 



At Cape Naturaliste, the character of the soil continues 

 without any visible change, but in the geological structure 

 there is a very great difference. Here are immense cliffs, 

 presenting at their base large beds of granite and schistose 

 ?'ock, passing alternately into each other, and observing in their 

 ^ip an angle of fifteen degrees. They were seen occasionally 

 ^ inclose immense masses of puddingstone, and an extraor- 

 dinary aggregate containing petrifactions of bivalve shells, 

 and other marine productions, every part of which was 

 covered with minute crystals of lime. Large masses of feldt- 

 spar were seen traversing those beds in various directions 

 and of various thickness. The granite rock was succeeded. 

 a bed of micaceous schist, in an advanced state of 

 decomposition, over which were observed several caverns, 

 which were found to contain rock-salt in crystalized masses 

 and in large quantities. The rock is decomposed pudding- 

 stone, containing various sorts of granite; the salt having 



