Part 1, 1914] AGARICACBAK 65 



r 



patches, which are gradually drawn apart and at length are more or less deciduous; context 

 thick, firm, white, changing to reddish when bruised, poisonous to some persons; lamellae 

 rather broad, ventricose, close, remote from the stipe, at first white then changing to a greenish 

 hue, at length dull- green; spores in mass at first bright-green, fading to dull-green and becoming 

 sordid with age, subellipsoid, obliquely apiculate, uniguttulate, 7-11X5-7 mJ stipe hard and 

 firm, tapering upward from the thickened base, fistulose, fibrous-stuffed, the surface glabrous, 

 white or buff to pale- umber, 10-20 cm. long, 1-2 cm. thick at the apex, 2-4 cm. thick at the 

 base; annulus thick, ample, soft, subcoriaceous, movable, apical. 



Type locality: Guiana. 



Habitat: Meadows, pastures, cultivated grounds, and open woods. 



Distribution: New Jersey to Iowa and southward to Arizona, Texas, the West Indies, and 

 Brazil. 



Illustrations: Mcllv. Am. Fungi pi. 14; Jour. Cine. Soc. Nat. Hist. 6: pi. 2; Hard, Mush- 

 rooms f.'35. 



Exsiccati: Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 1301. 



SO. VAGINATA (Nees) S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. PL 1: 601. 



1821. 



Amanita Pers. Tent. Disp. Fung. 63. 1797. Not Amanita Hall. 1768. 



Agaricus § Vaginaia Nees, Uberbl. Syst. Pilze 46. 1817. 

 Amanitopsis Roze, Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 23: 50. 1876. 

 Amanilella Earle, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 5: 449. 1909. 



Pileus fleshy, putrescent, , glabrous, farinose, or with thin volval patches, usually striate; 

 lamellae free; spores hyaline; stipe central, fleshy; veil none; volva adnate, fragile, or free, 

 usually forming a basal sheath or cup. 



Type species, Amanita livida Pers. 



1. V. plumbea. 



2. V. velosa. 



3. V. parcivolvata. 



Volva membranous, free; stipe not bulbous. 

 Volva narrow, closely sheathing the stipe. 



Volva elongate, persistent; lamellae white; pileus variously 



colored. . 



Volva elongate, persistent; lamellae cream-colored; pileus buff, 



with large, white volval patches ; species confined to southern 



California. 

 Volva short, rather friable; lamellae lemon -y el low ; pileus orange- 

 red. 

 Volva wide, not sheathing; pileus dull-white to yellowish, rarely 



reddish-brown, usually floccose or scaly. 4. V. agglutinate. 



Volva membranous, adnate to the base of the bulbous stipe, limb free. 



Stifte less than 3 cm. long; pileus pale-brown. 5. V. pusiUa. 



Stipe much longer; pileus white or yellowish. b. V . atOocreata. 



Volva fragile, adnate to the pileus and stipe in the form of squamules or 



Tl3 ff>fj fr c 



Pileus mealy or densely floccose; less than 5 cm. broad. 7. V.farinosa. 



Piku^decorated with few or many patches; usually more than 5 cm. ^ y ^^ strangula ta. 



1. Vaginata plumbea (Schaeff.) Murrill, Mycologia 5: 82. 1913. 



Agaricus plumbeus Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. 4: 37. 1774. 



A garicus fulvus Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. 4: 41. 1774. 



Agaricus hyalinus Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. 4: 63. 1774. 



Agaricus badius Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. 4: 63. 1774. 



Agaricus vaginatus Bull. Herb. Fr. pi. 9s. l/oZ. 



Amanita livida Pers. Syn. Fung. 247. 1801. 



Amanita spadicea Pers. Syn Fung. 248. 1801. 



Vaginata livida S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. PI. 1 .601. 1821. 



Amanitopsis vaginata P. Karst. Hattsv. 1:6. 1879. 



Vaginata vaginata Murrill, Mycologia 3: 80. lyil. 



Pileus thin fragile, campanulate to expanded, 3-10 cm. broad; surface dry, glabrous or 

 occasionally adorned with fragments of the volva, exceedingly variable in color, ranging from 

 white to shades of yellow, gray, brown, and reddish-brown, the commonest color probably being 

 plumbeous, margin deeply striate; context thin, white; lamellae free, fragile white or some- 

 times tinged with yellowish or smoky-brown hues; spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 8-10 m, 

 rarely larger; stipe subequal, slightly attenuate upward, scarcely enlarged below, glabrous or 

 floccose-squamulose, variable in color, hollow or stuffed, 6-16 cm. long, about 5-10 mm. thick, 

 sometimes larger; volva conspicuous, membranous, white, persistent, elongate, sheathing the 

 base of the stipe. 



