70 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [Volume 10 



lamellae adnexed, subcrowded, rather narrow, white; spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 10-12 X 



6-8 fi ; stipe cylindric, equal, not bulbous at the base, smooth, nearly glabrous, slightly pruinose 



at the apex, white, solid or stuffed, 7-10 cm. long, about 1.5 cm. thick; annulus membranous, 



persistent, white, attached about 1-2 cm. from the apex of the stipe; volva thin, membranous, 



ample, persistent, closely 'sheathing but not adnate. 



Type locality: Sandlake, New York. 



Habitat: Open or bushy places. 



Distribution: Maine to Alabama, eastern United States. 



Illustration: Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi/. 71. 



4. Venenarius porphyrius (Fries) Murrill, Mycologia5: 81. 1913. 



Amanita porphyria Alb. & Schw. Consp. Fung. 142. 1805. 



Pileus campanulate to expanded, solitary, 4-5 cm. broad; surface moist, subglabrous, 



subfuscous, varying to livid-purple or brown, smooth on the margin; lamellae adnexed, white; 



spores glabrous, smooth, hyaline, 8-10 ju; stipe stuffed or hollow, bulbous at the base, glabrous, 



whitish or subconcolorous, 6-8 cm. long; annulus membranous, persistent, superior, becoming 



sooty-black; volva free, whitish or subfuscous, adnate to the base of the large, rounded bulb, 



conspicuous, lobed, thick and fleshy, persistent. 



Type locality: Germany. 



Habitat: In pine woods. 



Distribution: Northeastern United States; also in Burope. 



Illustrations: Alb. & Schw. Consp. Fung, pi, 11, f. 1; Gill. Champ. Fr. pi. 5 {17). 



5. Venenarius phalloides (Fries) Murrill, Mycologia 4 : 240. 1912. 



Agaricus phalloides Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 13. 1821. 

 Amanita phalloides Quel. Champ. Jura Vosg. 28. 1872. 

 Amanita floccocephala Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi 62. 1900. 

 Amanita lignophila Atk. Ann. Myc. 7: 366. 1909. 

 Amanita bisporigera Atk. Bot. Gaz. 41: 348. 1906. 



Pileus convex or campanulate to expanded, 3-15 cm. broad; surface smooth, slightly 

 viscid when moist, glabrous or decorated with scattered patches of the volva, varying in color 

 from pure-white to yellow, yellowish-green, green, gray, brown, or blackish, margin rarely 

 striate; context extremely poisonous, white, not objectionable to the taste but having at times 

 a somewhat disagreeable odor; lamellae white, unchanging, broad, ventricose, rounded at the 

 base and free or adnexed; spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 7-10 /x; stipe subequal, bulbous, 

 long, smooth or floccose-scaly, usually white, stuffed or hollow, 6-15 cm. long, 0.5-1.5 cm. thick; 

 annulus superior, membranous, thin, ample, persistent or at times becoming torn away, usually 

 white; volva white, adnate to the base of the large, rounded bulb, the limb usually free, con- 

 spicuous, lobed, thick and fleshy, persistent, but at times breaking partly or wholly into 

 irregular patches that are either carried up on the surface of the pileus or remain at the base 

 of the stipe. 



Type locality: Burope. 



Habitat: On the ground or rarely on decayed wood in woods. 



Distribution: New Brunswick to Alabama and west to Iowa and California; also in Europe. 



Illustrations: Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 48: pi. 40, 41, f. 1-7; Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi 

 /. 55-61; Cooke, Brit. Fungi pi. 2 (2); Fries, Sv. Aetl. Svamp. pi. 2; Gibson, Edible Toadst. pi. 1; 

 Mcllv. Am. Fungi pi. 6, f. 2, 3; Vitt. Descr. Funghi Mang. pi. 11, 17; Mycologia 1: pi. 15, f. 2, 5: 

 pi. 87, f. 1; Gill. Champ. Fr. pi. 3 (6); Atk. Bot. Gaz. 41: /. 1-17. 



Exsiccati: Sydow, Myc. Mar. 616; Cavara, Fungi I,ongob. 69, 155; Shear, N. Y. Fungi 2. 



6. Venenarius ocreatus (Peck) Murrill, Mycologia 4: 240. 1912. 



Amanita ocreata Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 36: 330. 1909. 



Pileus fleshy, convex or nearly plane, 4-6 cm. broad; surface glabrous, smooth, white, 



margin not striate; context white; lamellae white, broadly sinuate, unequal, crowded; spores 



globose or ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 10-12X8-10 /z; stipe equal, white, glabrous or slightly 



fibrillose below, minutely floccose above the annulus, solid, 8-10 cm. long, 1-2 cm. thick; 



annulus thin, white, membranous; volva white, soft, adnate, with a well-developed, entire, 



free limb. 



Type locality: Claremont, California. 



Habitat: Under oak trees. 



Distribution: Known only from the type locality. 



