198 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [Vo.umE 10 
inflexed; context white or whitish, sometimes tinged with yellow under the tough, separable 
cuticle; lamellae crowdéd, rounded behind or adnate, sometimes with a decurrent tooth, 
pallid or yellowish when young, becoming ferruginous; spores ellipsoid, 6-8 X 3-5 u; stipe 
equal, sttffed or hollow, fibrillose and minutely floccose-squamulose, yellowish, 2.5-5 cm. 
long, 2-4 mm. thick. 
TYPE LocaLity: Near Highland Falls, New York. 
Hasitat: On burnt ground or damp earth. 
DisTRIBUTION: New England to New Jersey and west to Michigan. _ 
InuustRations: Ann. Rep. N. ¥. State Mus. 24: pl. 3, f. 1; Mycologia 4: pl. 68, f. 2. 
11. Gymnopilus carbonarius (Fries) Murrill, Mycologia 4: 256. 
1912, 
Agaricus carbonarius Fries, Obs. Myc. 2: 33. 1818. 
Flammula carbonaria Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 232. 1872. 
Pileus convex to subplane, gregarious to subcespitose, 2-4 cm. broad; surface viscid, 
smooth, glabrous, testaceous-isabelline or varying from lighter yellow to orange or testaceous; 
margin inflexed when young, with a slight, stramineous, filamentous, evanescent veil; context 
thin, white or stramineous, the taste sweetish, the odor pleasant; lamellae squarely adnate 
or with a short decurrent tooth, plane or arcuate, broad, crowded, inserted, pale-yellow to 
fulvous; spores ellipsoid, smooth, fulvous in mass, 7-8 X 3-4.5 4; cystidia abundant, 22-28 
X 10-12 nv; stipe equal or slightly enlarged above, hollow or stuffed, white or cremeous, adorned 
below with reddish-brown fibrils, glabrous or granulose at the apex, about 5 cm. long, 2-4 mm. 
thick. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. 
Hapirat: Usually in charred ground or on wood partly burned. 
DisrRiBuTion: Throughout temperate North America; southern Florida and the mountains of 
Jamaica; also in Europe. 
InLustrations: Cooke, Brit. Fungi #1. 442 (475); Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 364 (283); Lucand, 
Sreee. ey pl. 60; Mycologia 4: pl. 68, f. 5; Pat. Tab. Fung. 1: f. 111; Ricken, Blatterp. Deutschl. 
pl. 58, f. 3. 
12. Gymnopilus spumosus (Fries) Murrill, Mycologia 4: 254. 
1912. 
Agaricus spumosus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 252. 1821. 
Flammula spumosa P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 32: 404. 1879. 
Pileus fleshy, thin, convex or nearly plane, obtuse or umbonate, gregarious or cespitose, 
2.5-5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, viscid, pale-yellow, tinged with reddish-tawny or brownish 
hues at the center; context pale-yellow or greenish-yellow; lamellae thin, crowded, adnate, 
pale-yellow when young, becoming ferruginous or fulvous; spores ellipsoid, dark-ferruginous, 
7.5 X 4-5 yu; stipe rather slender, equal or tapering at the base, fibrillose, hollow, yellowish, 
generally becoming brownish or ferruginous toward the base, 3.5-7.5 cm. long, 2-5 mm. thick. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. 
Haszitat: On the ground or rarely on decaying wood. 
teeta etal eu ey Pare i Be Pay oem and California; also in Europe. 
LLUSTRATIONS: Cooke, Brit. Fungi #1. ; Fries, Ic. Hymen. pl. 116, f. 3; Rick 
Blatterp. Deutschl. pl. 57, f. 5. ? 7 f moe 
13. Gymnopilus condensus (Peck) Murrill. 
Flammula condensa Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 33: 217. 1906. 
Pileus thin, convex or nearly plane, often irregular from its densely cespitose mode of 
growth, usually umbonate, 2-3 cm. broad; surface very viscid, brownish-yellow, the umbo 
reddish-brown or chestnut-colored; context white, often tinged with yellow; lamellae moderately 
broad, subdistant, adnate or slightly decurrent, sometimes rugosely wrinkled, yellowish 
becoming brownish-ferruginous; spores ellipsoid, 8-10 X 4-5 yu; stipe equal, hollow, yellowish 
at the apex, pallid or brownish toward the base, 2-4 cm. long, 2-3.5 mm. thick. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Washington, D. C. 
Hasrrat: In clearings in pine woods and on stony hills. 
DIsTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality, 
