82 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA (Volume 15 
ribbed when dry and empty, with high-conic, obliquely rostrate lid and no annulus; exothecal 
cells irregularly quadrate, about 20 » wide, not greatly elongate, with thickened walls; peri- 
stome-teeth reddish-brown, up to 375 « high, divided scarcely one half down into two papillose 
forks, vertically striate below, with the inner lamellae up to 30-40, apart, the basal mem- 
brane two or three rows high of dark cells, slightly projecting: spores nearly smooth, up to 
17 w in diameter. 
TYPE Locality: Scotland. 
DisTRIBUTION: Alpine regions from Montana and Washington to Behring Sea; New Brunswick 
(Macoun); also in Europe and Asia. 
E a ne Grev. Scot. Crypt. Fl. gl. 116 (as Dicranum Schreberianum); B.S.G. Bryol. 
ur. pl. 54. 
Exsicce.: Macoun, Can. Musci 482. 
2. Dicranella Schreberi (Sw.) Schimp. Coroll. Bryol. Eur. 13. 1855. 
Dicranum Schreberi Sw. Disp. Musc. Suec. 37, 88. 1799. 
Dicranum Schreberianum Hedw. Sp. Musc. 144. 1801. 
Cynodontium canadense Mitt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 8:17. 1864. 
Leptotrichum canadense Jaeger, Ber. St. Gall. Nat. Ges. 1870-71: 388. 1872. 
Dichodontium canadense Lesq. & James, Man. 62. , 1884. 
Plants in green or yellowish-green cushions up to 5 cm. high: upper stem-leaves from an 
ovate, more or less erect base somewhat gradually narrowed to a flexuous-squarrose, lanceolate, 
grooved limb with a serrate point from broadly acute to subulate, the margins flat, from dis- 
tantly and slightly toothed to closely serrate to well below the middle of the leaf; costa from 
vanishing below the apex to shortly excurrent, sometimes irregularly serrulate one half down 
on the back, at the base about 50% wide and one sixth the width of the leaf-base; cells in the 
upper part mostly rectangular, 6-12 » wide and 2-3 times as long, at the shoulder of the leaf 
rather shorter and in the basal part paler and longer; perichaetial leaves up to 3.5 or 4 mm. 
long, from a clasping base more abruptly narrowed to a spreading limb 2-3 times as long as 
the sheathing part, the costa rather narrower below and the apex more slender than in the 
stem-leaves: seta red, sometimes yellowish, up to 18 mm. long, erect, flexuous: capsule short, 
curved, nodding, not strumose nor ribbed, with exothecal cells mostly thick-walled, short 
near the mouth, elongate below; annulus none; lid highly conic to shortly rostrate; teeth 
dark-red, usually divided not much more than one third down, below vertically striate, the 
lamellae of the inner face distant, often 40 apart, the basal membrane four rows high, of 
narrow, thick-walled, smooth cells reaching slightly above the mouth of the capsule: spores 
slightly rough, up to 1 Bu in diameter. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. 
DistTRIBUTION: Pennsylvania to Hudson Bay, and Montana to Oregon and British Columbia; 
also in Europe and Asia. 
ILLUSTRATION: Sw. Disp. Musc. Suec. pl. 2, f. 6. 
Exsice.: Drummond, Musci Am. 97; Holz. Musci Acroc. Bor. Am. 152 (these two numbers 
represent the typical form with narrower cells and leaf-apex and leaf-border sometimes nearly 
entire); Sull. & Lesq. Musci Bor. Am. ed. 2. 61; Aust. Musci App. 77; Macoun, Can. Musci 403, 
495 (the last three numbers represent D. Schreberi robusta Schimp. and D. Schreberi elata Schimp., 
having a broader leaf-point with more serrulate border and wider leaf-cells), 
3. Dicranella squarrosa (Schrad.) Schimp. Syn. 71. 1860, 
Dicranum squarrosum Schrad. Jour. Bot. Schrad. 1801!: 68. 1803. 
Plants in robust, green or yellowish-green tufts, with stems up to 12 cm. high: stem-leaves 
distant, long-decurrent, from an oblong, loosely-clasping base about 1.5 mm. long, scarcely 
narrowed to a broadly lanceolate, reflexed-squarrose, grooved limb about 2.5 mm. long, with 
fiat, entire borders and a rounded-obtuse or somewhat acute, crenate apex; costa a little above 
the base 50 » wide, about one twentieth of the width of the leaf-base and Vanishing below the 
apex; leaf-cells irregularly rectangular, thin-walled, the median ones about 8 « wide by 45-60 » 
long, the basal ones slightly paler and longer, 12-20 » wide and 100 » long; perichaetial leaves 
quite similar to the stem-leaves but often rather shorter and the inner with a more clasping 
base, more abruptly narrowed to a spreading limb shorter than the clasping part, with the 
leaf-celis below rather more lax and irregular: seta stout, reddish, erect, 12-18 mm. long: 
capsule short-obtong, nodding, not strumose, slightly curved, 2 mm. long without lid, the 
conic-acuminate lid two thirds as long; exothecal cells with thickened not sinuous walls, 20-25 u 
wide above and scarcely elongate, below more elongate; annulus none; peristome-teeth up to 
