98 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumME 15 
Upper leaf-cells square to short-rectangular, about 12 B wide, pellucid, 
nearly or quite smooth. 3. O. Jenneri. 
Annulus lacking. 
Peristome-teeth divided more than one half down; leaf-base not abruptly 
widened. 
Costa papillose on the back one half down or more. 
Upper leaf-cells not pellucid, mostly 6-8 u in diameter. 
Leaves scarcely 1.5 mm. long; seta up to 6 mm. high. 4. O. alpestris. 
Leaves up to 3 mm. long; seta up to 1.5 cm. high; elongate 
cells in the blade extending about three fourths down the 
leaf, with a single, small papilla at the upper end of each 
cell. 5. O. gracilescens. 
Upper leaf-cells pellucid, 10-124 in diameter; no distinctly 
elongate cells below with papillae. 6. O. strumulosus. 
Costa smooth on the back or slightly rough toward the apex. 7. O. tenellus. 
Peristome-teeth divided scarcely one half down; leaves more or less 
abruptly widened below. 
Leaf-base ovate; alar cells usually quite distinct; leaf-border of 
mostly two thicknesses of cells and recurved. 8. O. virens. 
Leaf-base obovate; alar cells usually not distinct; leaf-border of 
mostly a single thickness of cells, often not recurved. 9. O. Wahlenber git. 
1. Oncophorus Schisti (Wahl.) Lindb. Musci Scand. 27. 1879. 
Weisia Schisti Wahl. Fl. Lapp. 325. 1812. 
Rhabdoweisia Schisti B.S.G. Bryol. Eur. (33-36:) Rhabd. 5. 1846. 
‘Cynodontium Schisti Lindb. Oefv. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Férh. 21: 230. 1864. 
Monoicous: male flowers 1-4, on very short stalks, often scarcely evident, attached to the 
‘stem at short intervals below the perichaetium, of few antheridia and few or no paraphyses, 
enclosed by 3 or 4 faintly costate, often obtuse perigonial leaves scarcely 0.5 mm. long: plants 
in rather compact green tufts with branching stems tomentose below and up to 2 cm. high: 
stem-leaves crispate when dry, the lower short, ovate-lanceolate, the upper much longer, up 
to 1.8 mm. long, mostly acutely pointed, keeled on the back, the margin crenulate, of a double 
thickness of cells and recurved often three fourths down, rough on both sides one half down with 
crowded, irregular papillae: upper leaf-cells rather obscure, often not more than 4 « wide and 
‘scarcely elongate, the lower ones paler, smooth, rectangular with rather thin walls, the alar 
cells not differentiated; perichaetial leaves much like the upper stem-leaves, often a little 
‘shorter, with a loosely clasping base extending one third to one half up the leaf: seta yellowish, 
up to 4 mm. long: capsule mostly erect, regular, about 0.8 mm. long, ovate, ribbed when dry; 
annulus wanting; lid with an entire margin and a short oblique beak scarcely one half as long 
as the capsule; peristome-teeth reddish throughout, lanceolate-subulate, the apex minutely 
papillose, not divided, below solid or perforate, the outer plates mostly vertically striate, the 
inner articulations not prominent: spores rough, up to 16 w in diameter. 
‘Type LocaLity: Lapland. 
DISTRIBUTION: Montana to Alaska; also in northern Europe. 
ILLUSTRATION: B.S.G. Bryol. Eur. pl. 43. 
Exsice.: Macoun, Can. Musci 15a. ; 
2. Oncophorus polycarpos (Hedw.) Brid. Bryol. Univ. 1: 397. 1826. 
Fissidens polycarpos Hedw. Descr. 2: 85. 1789. 
Fissidens strumifer Hedw. Descr. 2: 88. 1789. 
Dicranum polycarpon Sw. Disp. Musc. Suec. 32. 1799. 
Dicranum strumiferum Sw. Disp. Musc. Suec. 33. 1799. 
Cynodontium polycarpon Schimp. Coroll. Bryol. Eur. 12. 1855. 
Cynodontium strumiferum De-Not. Atti Univ. Genova 1: 280. 1869. 
Autoicous: male flower close to the base of the perichaetium, of two ovate, entire, rather 
acute leaves, the inner smaller, sometimes costate, enclosing 6-8 antheridia and rather numerous 
paraphyses: plants in rather soft, extensive, green or brownish-green tufts, tomentose within, 
with branching stems up to 5 cm. high: stem-leaves up to 5 mm. long, flexuous or subcrispate 
when dry, ovate-lanceolate, acute, keeled above, the margins mostly of a double thickness of 
cells, recurved on one or both sides, irregularly serrulate above; costa nearly or quite perctrrent or 
excurrent, often rough on the back above, in cross-section near the middle showing about 4 guide- 
cells with very small stereid-bands, mostly of 2-4 cells each, above and below, and large outer 
cells, especially on the under side of the costa; upper leaf-cells somewhat obscure, 8-10 » wide, 
mostly slightly transversely elongate, more or less mamillose on both sides, the lower ones 
