100 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumE 15 
loosely clasping nearly to the apex: seta yellowish, mostly erect, up to 6 mm. long: capsule 
oval, scarcely 1 mm. long, deeply furrowed and contracted under the mouth when dry; annulus 
wanting; lid with quite entire base and an oblique beak nearly as long as the capsule; peristome- 
teeth usually divided two thirds down into two forks, finely papillose above, the outer plates 
more or less vertically striate: spores rough, up to 20 uw in diameter. 
TYPE Locaity: Lapland. ; 
DISTRIBUTION: Said to occur in Greenland (Lange, Consp. Fl. Groenl. 397. 1880); probably 
not known from British North America nor the United States; also in Lapland and Switzerland. 
ILLUSTRATION: Wahl, Fl. Lapp. 1. 21. 
5. Oncophorus gracilescens (Weber & Mohr) Lindb. Musci 
Seand. 27. 1879. 
Dicranum gracilescens Weber & Mohr, Bot. Tasch. 467. 1807. 
Campylopus cirrhatus Brid. Bryol. Univ. 1: 479. 1826. 
Cynodontium gracilescens Schimp. Coroll. Bryol. Eur. 12. 1855. 
Autoicous: male flower at the base of the perichaetium, mostly of 2, ovate, more or less 
acutely pointed leaves, crenulate above, enclosing several antheridia and numerous paraphyses: 
plants in compact, green tufts, with branching stems tomentose below and up to 5 cm. high: 
leaves crispate when dry, the upper ones up to 3 mm. long, rather broadly lanceolate, gradually 
narrowed to the broad, obtuse or somewhat acute apex, the borders, of a single thickness of 
cells, mostly recurved along the middle on both sides, flat toward the apex and serrulate- 
papillose three fourths down; costa scarcely percurrent, the upper half mostly rough on the 
back, with high papillae inclined toward the apex, in cross-section near the middle showing about 
6 guide-cells and stereid-bands above and below with differentiated outer cells; upper leaf-cells 
rather umall, obscure, scarcely or not elongate, 6-8 » in diameter, highly mamillose or papillose 
on both sides, those about three fourths down the leaf with a single, small papilla at the upper 
end of each cell, the basal ones rectangular, pale, smooth, those at the angles often broader, 
sometimes colored and slightly inflated; inner perichaetial leaves costate, rather shorter than 
the outer, loosely clasping nearly to the apex and rather abruptly narrowed to a short smooth 
point or sometimes with a little longer rough point: seta slender, flexuous, yellowish, up to 
1.5 cm. long, more or less curved or cygneus when moist: capsule oblong, mostly slightly 
curved and nodding, furrowed when dry, not strumose; lid with a not quite entire margin 
and an oblique beak about two thirds as long as the capsule; annulus wanting; peristome-teeth 
divided three fourths down into slender forks, pale and papillose above, the outer plates 
vertically striate, the inner articulations prominent: spores rough, up to 20 » in diameter. 
TYPE LocaLity: Germany. 
Distrisution: Known in America only from near Port Arthur, Ontario (Kakabeka Falls, 
1869, Macoun 11): also in Europe. 
ILLUSTRATIONS: B.S.G. Bryol. Eur. $1. 45, 46; Rab. Krypt.-Fl. 4: f. 105. 
6. Oncophorus strumulosus (C. Miill. & Kindb.) E. G. Britton. 
Cynodontium strumulosum C. Mill. & Kindb.; Macoun, Cat. Can. Pl. 6:16. 1892. 
Autoicous: male flower on a short stalk below the perichaetium, of 3 or 4 ovate-lanceolate or 
oblong-linear, broadly acute, crenulate, more or less costate leaves up to one third as long as. 
the upper stem-leaves, rarely longer, enclosing 2 or 3 antheridia nearly or quite without para- 
physes: plants in dense tufts up to 1.5 cm. high: leaves crispate when dry, the upper about 2 
mm. long, nearly linear, with a rounded or broadly acute apex, the margins recurved below, 
flat and crenulate above and of a single layer of cells; costa mostly vanishing a little below the 
apex, rough on the back about one half down, in cross-section showing 2 guide-cells, and in 
the lower part of the costa a more or less distinct stereid-band on the dorsal side with somewhat 
differentiated outer cells, in the upper part of the costa the stereid-cells nearly wanting; upper 
cells of the leaf-blade pellucid, rather irregular, scarcely elongate, 8-12 u in diameter, mamillate 
on both sides, the lower ones rectangular, smooth, without differentiated alar cells; inner 
perichaetial leaves similar to the stem-leaves: seta brownish, 8 mm. long: capsule about 0.65 
mm. long, mostly curved, nodding, sometimes strumose, furrowed when dry and empty; 
peristome-teeth divided to below the middle into slender forks, papillose above, the outer plates. 
