Part 2, 1913] DICRANACEAE 115 
Upper stem-leaves up to about 8 mm. long; seta yellow- 
ish or reddish, up to 3 cm. long; capsule nearly erect, 
slightly curved. 28. D. Sumichrasti. 
Setae solitary. ° 
Leaves entire or slightly serrulate at the apex, not undulate; 
costa percurrent or short-excurrent; capsule with annulus. 29. D. neglectum. 
Leaves serrate above (nearly entire in some varieties of D. 
Bonjeani) ; costa vanishing below the apex; annulus 
wanting. 
Leaves falcate-secund, glossy, subtubulose, with a narrow 
point, rarely undulate. 
Inner perichaetial leaves abruptly or gradually narrowed 
to a slender point. 30. D. scoparium. 
Inner perichaetial leaves emarginate or rounded above, 
with or without a short point. 31. D. consobrinum, 
Leaves mostly laxly spreading-flexuous or erect, the point 
rather broad and flattish or grooved, often scarcely 
subtubulose; plants often dull-green or yellowish- 
green and leaves undulate. 
Leaves with mostly short teeth on the margin toward 
the apex, sometimes indistinct. 32. D. Bonjeanii. 
Leaves larger than in the preceding species, with mostly 
acute, very prominent teeth toward the apex. 33. D. lophoneuron. 
4, PaRALEUCOBRYUM. Dioicous; species of medium size; costa very broad, not semiterete, 
without guide-cells, composed of 3 or 4 layers of cells of nearly uniform size and thickness of wall, 
extending nearly or quite across the leaf half way up, the middle layer with chlorophyl or the middle 
and lower layers somewhat interruptedly chlorophyllose; capsule erect, cylindric, straight or nearly so. 
Costa 400-600u wide at the base, nine tenths or more the width of the leaf; 
peristome-teeth distinctly vertically striate somewhat above the base on 
the outer plates. 34. D. enerve. 
Costa 200-3004 wide at the base, often more than one half the width of the 
leaf-base; peristome-teeth more or less obliquely striate on the outer plates. 35. D. longifolium., 
Costa about 120u wide at the base and usually less than one third the width 
of the leaf-base; peristome-teeth punctate or nearly smooth on the outer 
plates. 36. D. Sauteri. 
1. Dicranum hyperboreum (Gunn.) Smith, Fl. Brit. 1227. 1804. 
Bryum hyperboreum Gunn. Fl. Norv. 2: 138. 1772. 
Dicranella cerviculaiula Kindb. Ottawa Nat. 5: 195, 1892. 
Autoicous: male flower on the stem somewhat below the perichaetium: plants in dark- 
green, compact tufts often blackish within; stems 2~3 cm. high, more or less branching and 
radiculose: leaves erect-flexuous, somewhat incurved when dry, spreading when moist; lower 
leaves small, the upper larger, 3-4 mm. long, from an ovate-lanceolate base with incurved blade 
and not quite entire margins, gradually narrowed to a slightly crenate-serrulate point; costa 
65-80 » wide at the base, about one sixth the width of the leaf-base, often slightly papillose on 
the back, rather long excurrent; leaf-cells with thickened walls, those in the upper part of the 
blade rectangular to nearly square, 8-10 « wide by 10-20 p long, the alar cells often not very 
distinct or sometimes forming a distinct group of larger, colored cells; perichaetial leaves 
loosely sheathing, the inner 4-5 mm. long, rather gradually narrowed to a not quite entire 
point scarcely equaling the basal part in length: seta stout, erect, 5-8 mm. high: capsule 
oblong, furrowed when dry and empty, about 1.5 mm. long by 1 mm. in diameter; exothecal cells 
irregular, with unequally thickened walls, the median ones up to 20 w wide by 80-100 u» long, 
with stomata about 35 » by 45 n, in one row near the base of the spore-sac; annulus large, 
compound; peristome-teeth mostly divided to below the middle, at the base 100-115 u wide; 
lid convex, with an oblique beak, in height rather exceeding its basal diameter: calyptra 
smooth: spores rough, up to 28 » in diameter. 
TYPE LocALity: Norway. . 
Distrisution: Greenland and Labrador; Mount Hood, Oregon; also in northern Europe. 
2. Dicranum Anderssonii (Wich.) Schimp. Syn. 689. 1860. 
Arctoa Anderssonii Wich. Flora 42: 432. 1859. 
Autoicous: plants in low, compact, dark-colored tufts; stems radiculose and more or less 
branching above: lower leaves small, the upper much larger, erect-spreading, flexuous when 
moist, incurved when dry, sometimes sub-secund; upper stem-leaves 2-3 mm. long, from an 
