120 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VorumE 15 
ILLustRation: Hedw. Descer. 3: fl. 1. 
Exsicc.: Sull. Musci. Allegh. 162. : 
Z The specimens called D. miquelonense Ren. & Card. are about the same as the European variety 
growing on rock and called D. flagellare avenaceum Milde (Bryotheca Silesiaca 156c). They are 
similar also to specimens collected in fruit by Austin at Closter, which have flagella almost wanting. 
These varieties all differ in having mostly shorter, smoother, rather straighter, leaves and flagella 
scarce or wanting. 
11. Dicranum montanum Hedw. Sp. Musc. 143. 1801. 
Dioicous: plants in dense cushions of usually a yellowish-green color; stems up to 4 cm. 
high, somewhat tomentose below: stem-leaves 3-4 mm. long, erect-spreading, when dry 
crispate, not secund, narrowly lanceolate, gradually and acutely long-pointed, grooved above 
rather than subtubulose, serrulate or crenulate one third down or more on the margins and 
the back of the costa; costa percurrent or shortly excurrent, one fourth to one fifth the width 
of the lower part of the leaf, in cross-section showing 4~6 guide-cells with stereid-bands above 
and below, of rather few and comparatively large cells, often not well differentiated; alar cells 
brown or often pale, the cells in the blade just above elongate, those towards the costa often 
8-10 times as long as broad, becoming gradually short-rectangular or nearly square in the , 
upper half of the leaf, the cell-walls slightly thickened and not pitted; leaf-blade on the back 
from nearly smooth to quite densely enamillose one half down the leaf; inner perichaetiat 
leaves strongly costate, rather loosely convolute, somewhat gradually narrowed to a rough 
point nearly as long as the broader part: seta up to 1.5 cm. long, either yellowish or reddish: 
capsule about 2 mm. long, cylindric, erect or slightly curved and nodding, when dry somewhat 
furrowed and contracted under the mouth, the exothecal cells with thin, somewhat sinuous 
walls mostly slightly thickened at the angles; annulus of two rows of pale cells; lid rostrate, 
two thirds the length of the capsule; peristome-teeth red, vertically striate, divided often three- 
fourths down: spores roughened, about 18 » in diameter. 
Type Locality: Germany. 
DistTRiBuTIonN: Newfoundland to West Virginia and westward to Manitoba and Minnesota, 
mostly on trunks and logs in mountains; Arizona; also in Europe and Asia. 
Exsice.: Drummond, Musci Am. 102; Sull. & Lesq. Musci Bor. Am. 55; ed. 2. 71; Ren. & Card. 
Musci Am. Sept. Exs. 357; Macoun, Can. Musci 34. 
12. Dicranum strictum Schleich.; Schwaegr. Suppl. 1': 188. 1811. 
Dioicous: male plants rather more slender than the fertile ones and mingled with them, 
the flowers with 12-14 antheridia nearly 0.5 mm. long and numerous paraphyses: fertile plants 
in compact cushions of a green or pale glossy-green color: stems 1-4 cm. high, tomentose 
below and with mostly erect, nearly straight leaves often broken at the apex: upper stem- 
leaves often 5-6 mm. long, from a narrowly lanceolate base gradually narrowed to a very slender 
subulate point, usually entire, but sometimes distinctly serrulate toward the apex; costa, 
just above the broadened base, 60-100 » wide, about one fifth the width of the blade, long- 
excutrent, in cross-section showing a row of 6-8 guide-cells with 1 or 2 rows of smaller, rather 
thin-walled cells above and below, not forming stereid-bands; alar cells brownish to hyaline, 
not extending to the costa; cells of the lower part of the blade narrowly rectangular with 
slightly thickened walls usually more or less pitted, those in the upper part of the blade shorter 
and not pitted; perichaetial leaves from a convolute base rather gradually narrowed to a long, 
slender, usually entire point: seta solitary, yellow, up to 2 cm. long: capsule erect, cylindric, 
straight or rarely slightly curved, up to 3 mm. long, pale, not furrowed when dry; lid conic- 
rostrate, about three fourths as long as the capsule; annulus wanting; peristome-teeth golden- 
brown, 40-60 » wide at the base, divided two thirds down into slender forks or sometimes 
divided below almost to the base with the forks united above, the outer plates below nearly 
or quite smooth, often becoming somewhat obliquely striate above with the points of the teeth 
densely papillose: spores slightly rough, about 16 » in diameter. 
Type LOCALITY: Switzerland. ; ; . 
DrstRIBUTION: Montana and Wyoming to Alaska and California, on logs; also in Europe. 
ILLUSTRATION: Schwaegr. Suppl. pl. 43. . 
Exsice.: Macoun, Can. Musci, 34a; Holz. Musci Acroc. Bor. Am. 32. : . 
Sterile specimens of this species might be confused with D. fragilifolium which has a relatively 
broader costa, about one third the width of the leaf-base, alar cells extending to the costa, and cell- 
walls rather thicker throughout the leaf with the ends of the cells less angular. : 
