PaRT 2, 1913] DICRANACEAE 123 
ish, 2~3 cm. long: capsule nodding, curved, furrowed and contracted under the mouth and 
more or less strumose when dry, about 2 mm. long, with an obliquely rostrate lid of equal 
length; annulus distinct, of about two rows of roundish or oblong, loosely cohering cells; 
peristome-teeth vertically striate, divided one half or more down into 2 or 3 forks, at the base 
about 100 » wide: spores somewhat rough, up to 20 uw in diameter. 
TYPE LocaLity: Germany. 
Distripution: Newfoundland to the Lake Superior region and southward to Virginia and Mis- 
souri, mostly on dry sandy soil in shade, sometimes on rock; also in Europe and Asia. 
Inyusrrations: Hedw. DNeser. 2: 41. 30; B.S.G. Bryol. Eur. pl. &1. 
Exsice.: Drummond, Musci Am. 90; Drummond, So. Mosses 47; Aust. Musci App. 95; 
Macoun, Can. Musci 30; Holz. Musci Acroc. Bor. Am. 228. 
In some of their smaller forms D. spurium and D. Bergeri are not, unlike in general appearance, 
but D. Spurium may usually be distinguished from D. Bergeri by having the lower leaf-cells with 
less thickened walls and the upper ones with walls unequally thickened, also by its leaves with the 
broadest part farther up from the base and by its strumose capsule. D. brachycaulon Kindb. seems 
to be a stunted form with very short leaves. 
17. Dicranum condensatum Hedw. Sp. Musc. 139. 1801. 
Dicranum pallidum B.S.G. Bryol. Eur. (37-40:) Dicranum 39; hyponym. 1847. Not D. pallidum 
Weber & Mohr, 1807. —— 
Dicranum spurium condensatum Lesq. & James, Man. 76. 1884, 
Dicranum sabuletorum Ren. & Card. Bot. Gaz. 14:91. 1889. 
Dioicous: male plants on tomentum of the fertile stems, 2~3 mm. high, with flowers contain- 
ing 3 or 4 antheridia 0.25 mm. long and few paraphyses: fertile plants in pale yellowish-green to 
brown, compact tufts, with densely tomentose stems, occasionally interruptedly foliate, mostly 
1.5-2 em., rarely 4 cm. high or more: stem-leaves erect-spreading, nearly straight when moist, 
not or scarcely secund, variously curved or somewhat crispate when dry, sometimes undulate, 
about 5 mm. long and 0.8-1 mm. wide, oblong-lanceolate, gradually narrowed to a stout, 
slightly serrulate, grooved, acute apex; leaf-blade above smooth or papillose on the back; costa 
80 » wide a little above the base, nearly percurrent or excurrent in the upper leavés;-serrulate 
on the back at the apex and papillose lower down, or nearly smooth, in cross-section near the 
middle showing 7 or 8 guide-cells with wel! defined stereid-bands above and below; alar cells 
golden-brown; leaf-cells toward the base linear with slightly thickened, more or less pitted 
walls, becoming short and irregular in the upper part of the leaf with angular, somewhat un- 
equally thickened, sinuous, not pitted walls, the median cells about 8 » wide and often nearly 
square; inner perichaetial leaves shorter than the stem-leaves, from a convolute base abruptly 
narrowed toa rough, slender point one half to two thirds the broader part in length: seta yellow, 
solitary, 2-2.5 cm. long: capsule scarcely 2 mm. long, oblong, nodding, slightly strumose, 
curved and somewhat furrowed when dry, with a conic, obliquely rostrate lid; annulus distinct, 
of two rows of cells; peristome-teeth dark-reddish, 70-80 « wide at the base, mostly divided 
more than one half down, with the outer plates vertically striate: spores rough, up to 20 u 
in diameter. 
TYPE Locality: Lancaster, Pennsylvania. 
DISTRIBUTION: Nova Scotia to Florida and westward to Missouri; in rather dry sandy places. 
ILLUSTRATIONS: Hedw. Sp. Musc. pl. 34; Bot. Gaz. 14: pl. 13. 
Exsicc.: Sull. Musci Allegh. 160; Sull. & Lesq. Musci Bor. Am. 68, 686; ed. 2.85, 86; Holz. 
Musci Acroc. Bor. Am. 54, 
It seems that the type sheet of D. condensatum contains at the present time three species, namely 
D, condensatum, D. scoparium and a third in very small amount, probably D. flagellare, with elongate, 
straight capsule and smaller cells in the upper part of the leaf than in D. Miéihlenbeckii, to which 
species Cardot has referred it. From an examination of these three first mentioned species in the 
Mublenberg herbarium now in the Philadelphia Academy, and which does not contain any specimens 
of D, Mihlenbeckii, it is quite evident that Hedwig properly distinguished his D. condensaium trom 
the other two. D. scoperium is excluded from both description and figure by lack of annulus and 
seta not yellow, while D. flagellare has an erect, straight capsule and reddish seta. This leaves 
D. condensatum to represent just what Hedwig evidently intended and there seems to be no valid 
reason why his name should not hold. It may be noted that the original description does not say 
the leaves are either straight or crispate} it does state that they are not rugose-undulate (crispabilia) 
although they are occasionally so and the figures show the leaves too straight for any of the species 
when dry, although when moist they are usually straighter in D. condensatum than in either D. sco- 
parium or D. flagellare. D. condensatum much resembles a small form of D. spurium but has the 
leaf usually not or scarcely undulate, broadest much nearer the base and the costa more nearly per- 
current or excurrent in the upper leaves. 
