Part 2, 1913] DICRANACEAE 125 
short-cylindric, nodding, curved, 2-2.5 mm. long, mostly 2.5-3 times longer than broad, 
somewhat furrowed when dry, not strumose; lid with its slender beak about as long as the 
capsule; per’stome-teeth reddish-brown, vertically striate, divided over one half down; 
annulus distinct, of 1 or 2 rows of cells: spores slightly rough, up to 20 u in diameter. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Scandinavia. 
- DISTRIBUTION: Alaska to British Columbia, on earth and rock, mostly alpine; also in northern 
urope. bi 
Exsicc.: Macoun, Can Musci 481. 
This species differs from D. Mihlenbeckit in having narrower more irregular leaf-cells, a shorter 
capsule, and costa without differentiated outer cells; in size it is near D. condensatum, which has 
leaf-cells more gradually shortened upward, with cell-walls unequally thickened and somewhat 
sinuous above. 
20. Dicranum fuscescens Turner, Musc. Hib. 60. 1804. 
Dicranum congestum Brid. Musc. Recent. Suppl. 1: 176. 1806. 
Dicranum sulcatum Kindb.; Macoun, Bull. Torrey Club 17: 87. 1890. 
Dicranum crispulum C. Mill. & Kindb.; Macoun, Cat. Can. Pl. 6:27. 1892. 
Dicranum leucobase C. Mill. & Kindb.; Macoun, Cat. Can. Pl. 6: 30. 1892. 
Dicranum trachyphyllum Ren. & Card. Bot. Gaz. 22:48. 1896. 
Dicranum camptophyllum Kindb. Eur. & N. Am. Bryin. 193. 1897. 
Dioicous: male plants nearly as large as, and mingled with, the fertile plants, bearing 
several flowers, each containing 10-15 antheridia about 100 » long and numerous paraphyses, 
the inner perigonial leaves with a broad, brown base abruptly narrowed to a faintly costate, 
serrulate point: fertile plants in mostly soft, greenish, slightly tomentose mats, with more or 
less branching stems up to 8 cm. high: stem-leaves falcate-secund, sometimes spreading- 
flexuous all round, up to 7 mm. long, from a lanceolate base gradually narrowed to a slender, 
grooved, serrulate point, usually rough on the back one half down or more; costa about 100 u 
wide just above the base and one fifth the width of the leaf, serrate on the back, excurrent, in 
/ross-section near the middle showing 7 or 8 guide-cells with stereid-bands above and below 
ca differentiated cells on the dorsal side only; alar cells brown, sometimes hyaline, not 
reaching to the costa, the cells just above rectangular, mostly 8-10 » wide by 40-80 u long, 
with slightly thickened and pitted or often not pitted walls, the upper leaf-cells with scarcely 
thickened not pitted walls, 6-8 » wide and from square or triangular to 3 or 4 times as long as 
wide; inner perichaetial leaves convolute scarcely one half up, abruptly narrowed to a slender, 
costate point denticulate toward the apex: seta solitary, yellowish, about 2 cm. long: capsule 
oblong, mostly 2-2.5 mm. long, 2-3 times as long as broad, curved and nodding or horizontal, 
more or less furrowed and strumose when dry; lid rostrate, about as long as the capsule; 
annulus rather narrow, of 1 or 2 rows of cells; peristome-teeth dark-reddish, divided about 
one half down, vertically striate, the inner plates with prominent lamellae 25-30 uw apart: 
spores roughish, 20-22 » in diameter. 
Type Loca.ity: Scotland. 
DistRiBuTion: Labrador to South Carolina; Alaska to California; also in Europe and Asia. 
Exsice.: Drummond, Musci Am. 82; Sull. Musci Allegh. 157, 158; Sull. & Lesq. Musci Bor. Am. 
157, 158; 6d. ¥. 645 80; Macoun, Can. Musci 39, 40, 41; Ren. & Card. Musci Am. Sept. Exs. &, 
~~ "This species may be distinguished from D. Miihlenbeckii by its shorter capsule, smaller and more 
irregular upper leaf-cells, and narrower, rougher leaf-point with longer excurrent costa. It is nearer 
D. brevifolium in the size and shape of the capsule, but that species has mostly shorter, broader- 
pointed, smoother leaves, the perichaetial leaves much shorter and smoother-pointed, and the costa 
in cross-section without differentiated cells next to either the ventral or dorsal surface. 
21. Dicranum fragilifolium Lindb. Oefv. Sv. Vet.-Akad. 
Forh. 14: 125. 1857. 
Dioicous: male"plants slender, up to 6 mm. high, growing, often 2 or 3 together, on tomen- 
tum of the upper fertile stems and bearing 1-3 flowers, each with 4 or 5 antheridia about 0.5 
mm. long and few paraphyses, the perigonial leaves, mostly distinctly costate, from a brown 
base abruptly narrowed to a long, slender, more or less serrulate point: fertile plants in com- 
pact, mostly pale-green tufts, with slender stems up to 9 cm. high, tomentose to near the apex: 
stem-leaves erect-spreading, somewhat flexuous above, 6-7 mm. long, narrowly lanceolate 
and gradually long-subulate, from entire to more or less rough on the margin and back toward 
the apex, the fragile, often broken, nearly straight, grooved point mostly filled by the excurrent 
