152 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA (VoLumE 15 
2. Dicranodontium asperulum ( Mitt.) Broth. in E. & P. Nat. 
Pfl. 1°: 336. 1901. 
Dicranum asperulum Mitt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 3: Suppl. 22. 1859. 
Dicranodontium aristatum Schimp. Syn. 695. _1860 
Dicranum virginicum Aust. Bot. Gaz. 4: 150.” 1879. 
Campylopus virginicus Lesq. & James, Man. 80. 1884. 
Dioicous: male flowers in separate tufts, terminal, thick, bud-like; inner perigonial 
leaves abruptly short-pointed with the costa faint or wanting (fide Limpricht): fertile plants 
in compact rather dark-green tufts, with stems 3-10 cm. high: leaves often readily deciduous, 
more or less falcate-secund or sometimes erect-spreading, 5-7 mm. long, from a broadly ovate 
base rather abruptly narrowed to a rough setaceous point five or six times as long, the leaf- 
margin finely serrulate to and well down the enlarged base; costa one third the width of the’ 
leaf-base, long-excurrent, in cross-section near the base showing stereid-bands above and below 
the guide-cells with the outer cells differentiated on the dorsal side only, in the upper part of 
the leaf with cells differentiated on both ventral and dorsal sides; alar cells mostly hyaline, not 
auriculate, reaching to the costa; cells in the lower part of the blade oblong, pale, thin-walled, 
toward the costa up to 20 u wide and 20-30 p» long, toward the margin gradually narrower and 
smaller but scarcely forming a distinct border; inner perichaetial leaves rather longer than the 
outer, with a convolute base extending one third up and abruptly narrowed to a very rough, 
often sinuous point: seta about 15 cm. long, mostly erect, straight, strongly twisted when dry, 
erect-sinuous or slightly curved when moist: capsule oblong, about 1.75 mm. long, without 
annulus or stomata, the lid with a rostrate beak a little shorter than the capsule; peristome- 
teeth separate to below the mouth, about 200 u high by 40 » wide at base, divided three fourths 
down into two rather stout forks, the articulations rather distant, mostly vertically striate on 
the outer face two thirds up, papillose above: calyptra entire at the base: spores minutely 
roughened, wp to 13 » in diameter. 
Type Locatity: Sikkim. 
DISTRIBUTION: Virginia to Georgia; Baranoff Islands, Alaska; also in Europe and Asia. 
Exsicc.: Ren. & Card. Musci Am. Sept. Exs. 155. Smatt. More BAS, W ; 
3. Dicranodontium longisetum (Hook.) R. S. Williams. 
Dicranum longisetum Hook. Musci Exot. pl. 139. 1820. 
Dicranum strigulosum C. Miill.; Ren. & Card. Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. 311: 147. 1893. 
Dicranum sublongisetum C. Mill. Bull. Herb. Boiss. 5: 185. 1897. 
Metsleria strigulosa Broth. in E. & P. Nat. Pfl. 13: 337. 1901. 
Dioicous, or autoicous with the male flowers at the termination of an elongate branch 
arising from the lower part of the stem or very rarely on short upper branches: antheridia 
10-12 with numerous longer paraphyses, the inner perigonial leaves broadly ovate, short- 
pointed, becoming gradually longer-pointed outwardly: plants in compact cushions, with 
somewhat branching, radiculose stems 1-5 cm. high, bearing leaves more or less falcate-secund 
or sometimes nearly straight and erect: stem-leaves 8-12 mm. long, lanceolate or ovate- 
lanceolate, subtubulose, with a long setaceous point, serrulate about one third down on the 
margin, nearly smooth on the back, in cross-section below showing, on the dorsal side, a rather 
narrow stereid-band interrupted by the large outer cells, on the ventral side often an outer 
row of very small cells with or without a narrow band of stereid-cells between them and the 
guide-cells; costa about one third the width of the lower part of the leaf, long-excurrent; alar 
cells mostly pale, fragile, usually not forming distinct auricles, the cells of the lower part of 
the blade rectangular with thin, slightly pitted walls, about 16 » wide and 60-80 u long toward 
the costa, gradually narrower toward the margin sometimes forming a rather distinct border; 
inner perichaetial leaves rather longer than the outer, convolute about one third up, rather 
gradually narrowed to the setaceous, rough point: seta 1.5-3 cm. long, twisted, erect or some- 
what sinuous, especially when moist: capsule oblong, 1.5—2.5 mm. long, more or less furrowed 
when dry, without stomata and annulus; peristome-teeth about 300 u high and 70 » wide at 
the base, separate to below the mouth of the capsule, divided to near the base or only perforate 
below along the median line, with articulations not prominent, the outer face below mostly 
obliquely striate, sometimes nearly smooth, the forks and inner face rather densely papillose; 
lid with a rostrate beak sometimes as long as the capsule: calyptra entire below, reaching to 
below the middle of the capsule: spores rough, up to 16 » in diameter. 
